A small diameter sheath heater with improved reliability is provided. The sheath heater according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a metal sheath, a heating wire having a band shape, the heating wire arranged with a gap within the metal sheath so as to rotate with respect to an axis direction of the metal sheath, an insulating material arranged in the gap, and connection terminals arranged at one end of the metal sheath, the connection terminals electrically connected with both ends of the heating wire respectively.

An electric heating apparatus for deicing, a method for manufacturing the electric heating apparatus for deicing, a blade and a wind turbine including the same. The electric heating apparatus for deicing includes: a heat generating module, including a heat generating element and a bus bar for conducting electricity to the heat generating element, where the bus bar includes a lead-out portion for connecting an external power source; a thermally conductive encapsulating layer, which is insulated and is to cover the heat generating module except the lead-out portion; and a first substrate and a second substrate, respectively arranged below and above the thermally conductive encapsulating layer, so that the heat generating module and the thermally conductive encapsulating layer are arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate.

An electric heating apparatus for deicing, a method for manufacturing the electric heating apparatus for deicing, a blade and a wind turbine including the same. The electric heating apparatus for deicing includes: a heat generating module, including a heat generating element and a bus bar for conducting electricity to the heat generating element, where the bus bar includes a lead-out portion for connecting an external power source; a thermally conductive encapsulating layer, which is insulated and is to cover the heat generating module except the lead-out portion; and a first substrate and a second substrate, respectively arranged below and above the thermally conductive encapsulating layer, so that the heat generating module and the thermally conductive encapsulating layer are arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate.

The present disclosure relates to a refrigerator with improved productivity and quality by using a planar heater. The refrigerator includes a main body having a storage compartment, a door rotatably coupled to the body to open and close the storage compartment, and a planar heater installed on the door to prevent dew condensation from being generated on the door, wherein the planar heater is formed in a film form to be attached to the door.

The present disclosure relates to a refrigerator with improved productivity and quality by using a planar heater. The refrigerator includes a main body having a storage compartment, a door rotatably coupled to the body to open and close the storage compartment, and a planar heater installed on the door to prevent dew condensation from being generated on the door, wherein the planar heater is formed in a film form to be attached to the door.

A snow shovel that has a shaft, a handle, and a scoop to allow the user to remove unwanted snow and ice from a surface. This shovel includes a heated bottom edge with a vibrating motor to melt and dislodge ice or snow from a surface. The shovel also includes a vibration-reducing mechanism to dampen the vibrations that a user might feel during the use of this shovel, along with sensors that detect when the heated edge and motor should be turned on or off.

A snow shovel that has a shaft, a handle, and a scoop to allow the user to remove unwanted snow and ice from a surface. This shovel includes a heated bottom edge with a vibrating motor to melt and dislodge ice or snow from a surface. The shovel also includes a vibration-reducing mechanism to dampen the vibrations that a user might feel during the use of this shovel, along with sensors that detect when the heated edge and motor should be turned on or off.

A PTC heating assembly has a plurality of PTC elements and electric strip conductors between which the PTC elements are provided and which are electrically conductively connected to the PTC elements The PTC heating assembly also includes a frame which forms at least one receptacle for the PTC elements and which is provided between the strip conductors. For adjusting the heating power of the PTC heating assembly, at least two strip conductors on at least one side of the PTC elements are electrically conductively connected to PTC elements which deviate from one another.

A PTC heating assembly has a plurality of PTC elements and electric strip conductors between which the PTC elements are provided and which are electrically conductively connected to the PTC elements The PTC heating assembly also includes a frame which forms at least one receptacle for the PTC elements and which is provided between the strip conductors. For adjusting the heating power of the PTC heating assembly, at least two strip conductors on at least one side of the PTC elements are electrically conductively connected to PTC elements which deviate from one another.

A heatable leading-edge apparatus for an aircraft having a main structure and a heating layer. The heating layer comprises a fiber composite layer with fibers and with a matrix which surrounds the fibers. The fibers are at least partially formed as conducting fibers, such as carbon fibers, with an electrically insulating coating. Owing to the conducting fibers, which act as electrical heating elements, a desired surface temperature can be established on an outer side of the leading-edge apparatus.