The grounded modular heated cover is disclosed with a first pliable outer layer and a second pliable outer layer, wherein the outer layers provide durable protection, an electrical heating element between the first and the second outer layers, the electrical heating element configured to convert electrical energy to heat energy, a heat spreading layer, and a thermal insulation layer positioned above the active electrical heating element. Beneficially, such a device provides radiant heat, weather isolation, temperature insulation, and solar heat absorption efficiently and cost effectively. The modular heated cover quickly and efficiently removes ice, snow, and frost from surfaces, and penetrates soil and other material to thaw the material to a suitable depth. A plurality of modular heated covers can be connected on a single 120 Volt circuit protected by a 20 Amp breaker. The modular heated covers are grounded for safety using the conductive heat spreading layer.

A heater/sensor assembly is configured to perform heating and proximity sensing and includes a heater carrier substrate including first and second surfaces. A heater wire is arranged in a predetermined pattern adjacent to and in contact with the first surface of the heater carrier substrate, wherein the heater wire is insulated. A proximity sensor includes a conductive thread attaching the heater wire to the first surface of the heater carrier substrate.

A disclosed Thermal Test Vehicle (TTV) for simulating the thermal characteristics of a certain integrated circuit may include (1) a substrate that serves as both (A) an electrical insulator that resists electrical energy and (B) a thermal conductor that conducts thermal energy and (2) one or more resistive elements coupled to the substrate, wherein the resistive elements extend across a majority of at least one dimension of the substrate. Various other apparatuses, systems, and methods are also disclosed.

The present invention relates to a heating plate particularly suitable for devices for heating a thermal fluid. The heat generated in this device is conveyed to other locations through the thermal fluid, where the heat is given off, for example, through a heat exchanger configured as a radiator. The heating plate is characterized by an electronics-free safety solution intended to automatically cause the generation of heat to cease when temperatures above a preestablished safety temperature are reached.

An electronic cigarette vaporization core and an electronic cigarette, the electronic cigarette vaporization core includes a porous body and a heating body. The porous body includes a liquid absorbing end and a vaporization end, a bump is arranged on the vaporization end, and the bump includes an end surface facing away from the porous body and a side surface located on an outer periphery of the bump. The heating body is arranged on the end surface, and a distance between at least a part of the heating body and an edge of the end surface is less than a predetermined value, so that both at least a part of the end surface and at least a part of the side surface form vaporization surfaces. Therefore, when the vaporization surface formed on the bump is fully used, utilization efficiency of heat energy of the heating body can be ensured on the basis of improving a heating speed of the heating body.

The invention relates to a honeycomb body with an electric heating device. The electric heating device includes at least one electrically insulating heating wire which is fixed by a pin assembly to a front side of a honeycomb body. The electrically insulated heating wire is positioned at a distance of at least five times and a maximum of fifteen times that of the wire diameter.

The Universal Lightweight and Portable Deicing Mat Mat is made of standard top of the line electrically operated and self-regulating standard commercial grade heating cables, which are enclosed between two thin, lightweight, yet strong and protective Neoprene Rubber like sheeting materials, allowing them to endure harshest of winter seasons. These mats can be placed either externally on top of tractor trailers, or they can be placed internally, inside of the tractor trailer, above the ceiling. Both ways can then be secured with custom designed mounting kits, (discussed in further detail). These Deicing Mats can also be used on roofs of residential homes as well as other types of commercial buildings and automobiles.

An electronic cigarette atomization core and an electronic cigarette. The electronic cigarette atomization core includes a porous body and a heating body, the porous body includes a liquid absorbing end and an atomization end, the atomization end has an end surface facing away from the liquid absorbing end, and the heating body is arranged on the end surface. An atomization surface includes a first atomization region, the first atomization region is located on the end surface, the first atomization region is a region in which a temperature can reach a predetermined atomization temperature range by means of heating of the heating body, and a ratio of an area of the first atomization region to an area of the end surface ranges from 0.05 to 0.90.

An infrared heater includes a heater body and a casing. The heater body includes a heating element and a metamaterial structure capable of emitting infrared radiation having a peak wavelength of a non-Planck distribution when thermal energy is supplied from the heating element. The casing has an interior space in which the heater body is disposed and whose pressure is reducible. In addition, the casing includes an infrared radiation transmitting portion capable of transmitting the infrared radiation emitted by the metamaterial structure to an outside of the casing.

A heating device capable of suppressing electrically conductive parts that electrically connect power supply electrodes and heating resistors from generating heat. The heating device has heating resistors disposed in a longitudinal direction of an elongated base plate and connected through electrically conductive parts to power supply electrodes disposed on one longitudinal end portion of the base plate and supplied with electric power from the power supply electrodes. The electrically conductive parts are formed such that electrically conductive parts that can provide larger amounts of power supply each have a larger cross-sectional area perpendicular to a power supply direction.