A method for beam therapy is provided. The method includes receiving first data indicating a plurality of target volumes within a target region inside a subject for particle beam therapy relative to a particle beam outlet on a gantry for directing a particle beam from a particle beam source. The method further includes moving automatically, one or more energy modulator components to reduce an energy of the particle beam and deliver the particle beam to the target region such that a Bragg Peak is delivered to at least one target volume of the plurality of target volumes. The method further includes repeating the moving automatically as the particle beam source rotates with the gantry around the subject, without changing the energy of the particle beam at the particle beam outlet, until every target volume is subjected to a Bragg Peak.

An example particle therapy system includes: a synchrocyclotron to output a particle beam; a magnet to affect a direction of the particle beam to scan the particle beam across at least part of an irradiation target; scattering material that is configurable to change a spot size of the particle beam, where the scattering material is down-beam of the magnet relative to the synchrocyclotron; and a degrader to change an energy of the beam prior to output of the particle beam to the irradiation target, where the degrader is down-beam of the scattering material relative to the synchrocyclotron.

This disclosure relates to a proton beam degrader and a cooling assembly. The proton beam degrader includes a degrader foil that is positioned within a path of a particle beam directed to strike a target. The degrader can include a plurality of fins positioned outside of a conduit within which the degrader foil is positioned to transfer heat away from the degrader foil and into a cooling channel formed in conjunction with the cooling assembly. The degrader foil can have chamfered corners to further improve heat transfer. The degrader foil can include at least one aperture to aid in forming a vacuum condition across the degrader foil. In some examples, where a target cannot operate in a vacuum environment, the degrader can include a degrader foil devoid of any apertures.

An example particle therapy system includes: a synchrocyclotron to output a particle beam; a magnet to affect a direction of the particle beam to scan the particle beam across at least part of an irradiation target; scattering material that is configurable to change a spot size of the particle beam, where the scattering material is down-beam of the magnet relative to the synchrocyclotron; and a degrader to change an energy of the beam prior to output of the particle beam to the irradiation target, where the degrader is down-beam of the scattering material relative to the synchrocyclotron.

System includes a particle accelerator configured to direct a particle beam of charged particles along a designated path. The system also includes an extraction device positioned downstream from the particle accelerator. The extraction device includes a stripper foil and a foil holder that holds the stripper foil. The foil holder is configured to position the stripper foil across the designated path of the particle beam such that the particle beam is incident thereon. The stripper foil is configured to remove electrons from the charged particles, wherein the stripper foil includes a backing layer and a conductive layer stacked with respect to one another. The backing layer includes synthetic diamond.

A method and apparatus for use as a compact medical ion accelerator includes a charged particle linear accelerator module and a pair of fixed field magnet assemblies. The linear accelerator module accelerates a pulse of charged particles as a beam aligned along a first ray. The pair of assemblies controls the orbits of the pulse by turning the pulse 360 degrees within a first plane. The magnet assemblies are disposed on opposite sides of the linear accelerator with mirrored symmetry relative to a line that is perpendicular to the first ray and passes through a reference point in the first plane. Each assembly includes a pair of magnets for which a strength of a magnetic field varies non-linearly along a radial direction; and a superconducting magnet for which a strength of a magnetic field varies along a radial direction. The superconducting magnet is disposed between the pair of magnets.

System includes a target assembly having a production chamber. The target assembly includes an electrode and a conductive base exposed to the production chamber. The target assembly has fluidic ports that provide access to the production chamber. The system also includes a fluidic-control system having a storage vessel and fluidic lines that connect to the fluidic ports. The storage vessel and the production chamber are in flow communication through at least one of the fluidic lines. The system also includes a power source that is configured to be electrically connected to the electrode and the conductive base. The production chamber, the electrode, and the conductive base form an electrolytic cell when an electrolytic solution is disposed in the production chamber. The power source is configured to apply voltage to the electrode and the conductive base to deposit a solid target along conductive base.

In order to improve flux and quality of neutron sources, the disclosure provides a beam shaping assembly for neutron capture therapy includes: a beam inlet; a target, wherein the target has nuclear reaction with an incident proton beam from the beam inlet to produce neutrons; a moderator adjoining to the target, wherein the neutrons are moderated by the moderator to epithermal neutron energies, the moderator includes a main body and a supplement section surrounding the main body, the main body and the supplement section form at least a tapered structure; a reflector surrounding the moderator; a thermal neutron absorber adjoining to the moderator; a radiation shield arranged inside the beam shaping assembly, wherein the radiation shield is used for shielding leaking neutrons and photons so as to reduce dose of the normal tissue not exposed to irradiation; and a beam outlet.

A range shifting device configured to be placed close to a portion of a body of a patient during radiation beam treatment. The radiation beam treatment can include stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). The range shifting device can be incorporated into an existing SRS localization system during SRS treatment. The range shifting device is configured to be placed close to the head of a patient during SRS treatment. The range shifting device is comprised of range shifting material. The range shifting device can be a range shifting helmet. The range shifting helmet can include a hollow frame including a plurality of apertures in which inserts made of range shifting material can be inserted.

An object of the present invention is to provide a graphite sheet for a beam sensor, which is excellent in yield when subjected to laser working. The present invention is a graphite sheet for a beam sensor characterized in that the graphite sheet has no eyeball-shaped convex portions on a surface of its a-b plane.