A radio frequency coupler includes a waveguide having an outer conductor and an inner conductor in a coaxial tube shape. The waveguide extends linearly from a power supply side, is bent in an L shape at a bend section, and extends linearly toward an acceleration cavity. A refrigerant passage part passes through the outer conductor and the inner conductor at the bend section from the outside of the waveguide toward the acceleration cavity and is connected to the interior of the inner conductor. The refrigerant passage part has a passage tube through which refrigerant passes between the inner part of the tip on the acceleration cavity side of the inner conductor, and the outer part of the waveguide, and the portion of the passage tube that is exposed to a radio frequency transmission space formed between the outer conductor and the inner conductor being formed of an insulator.

A system for injecting radio frequency (RF) pulses into an RF linear accelerator (RF LINAC) cavity is described. In accordance with the description an RF power amplifying element, typically a compact planar triode (CPT), is directly mounted to an outside of a hermetically sealed RF cavity. The direct mounting of the RF power amplifying element places the antennaresponsible for coupling power into the RF cavityphysically on the RF cavity side of a hermetic high-voltage (HV) break. The RF input, RF circuitry, biasing circuitry, and RF power amplifier are all outside of the vacuum cavity region. The direct mounting arrangement facilitates easy inspection and replacement of the RF power amplifier, the RF input and biasing circuitry. The direct mounting arrangement also mitigates the deleterious effects of multipactoring associated with placing the RF power amplifier and associated RF circuitry in the vacuum environment of the RF LINAC cavity.

A compact particle accelerator can include two or more cavities disposed along an axis of the particle accelerator, each of which is coupled to two or more drivers. The accelerator can also include a power supply coupled to the two or more drivers such that a particle beam traveling along the axis is accelerated. The power supply can be an interface with a commercial power outlet, battery power, or a combination thereof depending upon the use case. Example configurations of the accelerator include hand held or mobile devices that are capable of delivering up to and greater than a 1 MeV electron beam.

A system and apparatus for electron beam melting comprises a superconducting radio frequency accelerator configured to produce an electron beam, a conduction cooling system configured to cool the superconducting radio frequency accelerator, and an electron beam melting system wherein the electron beam melts power in a build chamber of the electron beam melting apparatus.

Embodiments of systems, devices, and methods relate to initiating beam transport for an accelerator system. An example method includes increasing a bias voltage of one or more electrodes of the accelerator system to a first voltage level and extracting a charged particle beam from a beam source such that the beam is transported through the accelerator system. The beam has a beam current that results in a first transient voltage drop within a threshold. The method further includes increasing the beam current at a rate that results in one or more subsequent transient voltage drops within the threshold until the accelerator system has reached nominal conditions. Another example method includes biasing one or more electrodes of an accelerator system and selectively extracting, according to a duty cycle function, a charged particle beam from a beam source such that the charged particle beam is transported through the accelerator system.

A system and associated method are described for depositing high-quality films for providing a coating on a three-dimensional surface such as an internal surface of a bellows structure. The system includes a magnetic array comprising multiple sets of magnets arranged to have Hall-Effect regions that run lengthwise along a sputter target. The system further includes an elongated sputtering electrode material tube surrounding the magnetic array comprising multiple sets of magnets arranged to have Hall-Effect regions that run lengthwise along the sputter target. During operation, the system generates and controls ion flux for direct current high-power impulse magnetron sputtering. During operation logic circuitry issues a control signal to control a kick pulse property of a sustained positive voltage kick pulse taken from the group consisting of: onset delay, amplitude and duration.

An input coupler for an accelerating cavity includes a cylindrical external conductor; a cylindrical internal conductor arranged coaxially with the external conductor, inside of which a heating medium circulates; a plate provided between the inner surface of the external conductor and the outer surface of the internal conductor; a cooling part for cooling the plate from the external conductor side to the freezing point of water or lower; and a heat insulating part provided on the part at which the internal conductor and the plate are connected, the heat insulating part having lower thermal conductivity than that of the internal conductor. The plate is connected to the internal conductor via the heat insulating part.

A high-current, compact, conduction cooled superconducting radio-frequency cryomodule for particle accelerators. The cryomodule will accelerate an electron beam of average current up to 1 ampere in continuous wave (CW) mode or at high duty factor. The cryomodule consists of a single-cell superconducting radio-frequency cavity made of high-purity niobium, with an inner coating of Nb.sub.3Sn and an outer coating of pure copper. Conduction cooling is achieved by using multiple closed-cycle refrigerators. Power is fed into the cavity by two coaxial couplers. Damping of the high-order modes is achieved by a warm beam-pipe ferrite damper.

A radio-frequency (RF) cavity apparatus for accelerating charged particles includes first and second cavity arms. The first and second cavity arms have respective first and second axes of rotational symmetry and each cavity arm includes at least one cell. The first and second cavity arms are connected by a resonance coupler. The cell(s) of the first cavity arm have an axial dimensional parameter that is equal to a corresponding axial dimensional parameter of the cell(s) of the second cavity arm, and the cell(s) of the first cavity arm have at least one non-axial dimensional parameter that differs from corresponding non-axial dimensional parameter(s) of the cell(s) of the second cavity arm.

An input coupler for an accelerating cavity includes a cylindrical external conductor; a cylindrical internal conductor arranged coaxially with the external conductor, inside of which a heating medium circulates; a plate provided between the inner surface of the external conductor and the outer surface of the internal conductor; a cooling part for cooling the plate from the external conductor side to the freezing point of water or lower; and a heat insulating part provided on the part at which the internal conductor and the plate are connected, the heat insulating part having lower thermal conductivity than that of the internal conductor. The plate is connected to the internal conductor via the heat insulating part.