A conductive pattern having high dispersion stability and a low resistance over a board is formed. A dispersing element (1) contains a copper oxide (2), a dispersing agent (3), and a reductant. Content of the reductant is in a range of a following formula (1). Content of the dispersing agent is in a range of a following formula (2).
0.0001≤(reductant mass/copper oxide mass)≤0.10  (1)
0.0050≤(dispersing agent mass/copper oxide mass)≤0.30  (2)
The dispersing element containing the reductant promotes reduction of copper oxide to copper in firing and promotes sintering of the copper.

This disclosure provides electrically conductive materials, including electrically conductive textile materials, such as woven or knitted fabric textiles, individual fibers, and woven fibers and yarns. The conductive materials comprise a substrate material, such as a textile or other suitable material, and a metal embedded in the substrate material, in particular where the metal is embedded into and below the surface of the material. Also provided are methods of making the electrically conductive materials.

A catalyst for a catalytic ink includes a support particle and a metallic material supported on the support particle. The metallic material is diamminesilver hydroxide, a silver salt, a palladium salt, a gold salt, chloroauric acid, or combinations thereof. A catalytic ink obtained from the catalyst and use of the same to fabricate a conductive circuit are also disclosed.

A method of preparing a graphene circuit pattern, a substrate and an electronic product are disclosed. The method of preparing a graphene circuit pattern includes: immersing a metal circuit pattern in a graphene oxide solution to cause a redox reaction between the metal circuit pattern and graphite oxide, thereby forming the graphene circuit pattern. The graphene circuit pattern may be directly formed at a location of the metal circuit pattern, and is simple in production process, low in cost, and suitable for mass production.

A conductive pattern having high dispersion stability and a low resistance over a board is formed. A dispersing element (1) contains a copper oxide (2), a dispersing agent (3), and a reductant. Content of the reductant is in a range of a following formula (1). Content of the dispersing agent is in a range of a following formula (2).

0.0001≤(reductant mass/copper oxide mass)≤0.10  (1)

0.0050≤(dispersing agent mass/copper oxide mass)≤0.30  (2)

The dispersing element containing the reductant promotes reduction of copper oxide to copper in firing and promotes sintering of the copper.

A product article is prepared from a precursor article that has a substrate and a photosensitive thin film or a photosensitive thin film pattern on a supporting side. The product article have an electrically-conductive silver metal-containing film or thin film patterns, each of which contains electrically-conductive metallicsilver obtained by reduction of silver ions in the precursor article, an α-oxy carboxylate, an oxime compound, and a photosensitizer that can either reduce reducible silver ions or oxidize the α-oxy carboxylate.

Process for producing an electronic subassembly by low-temperature pressure sintering, comprising the following steps: arranging an electronic component on a circuit carrier having a conductor track, connecting the electronic component to the circuit carrier by the low-temperature pressure sintering of a joining material which connects the electronic component to the circuit carrier, characterized in that, to avoid the oxidation of the electronic component or of the conductor track, the low-temperature pressure sintering is carried out in a low-oxygen atmosphere having a relative oxygen content of 0.005 to 0.3%.

A method and an apparatus are provided for the equipping of an antenna structure, in particular an RFID antenna structure, with an electronic component, in particular with an RFID chip. The method includes: (a) applying an electronic component to an antenna structure which is formed on a carrier substrate and which is made from a sinterable material that is electrically conductive after its sintering, so that a contact surface is formed between a contact region of the antenna structure and a corresponding electrical contact of the component; and (b) heating the antenna structure in order to sinter the same, thereby causing formation of an adhesive-free mechanical and electrical connection between the contact region of the antenna structure and the electrical contact of the component. The method can also be used to equip the antenna structure with a plurality of electronic components.

Provided are a laminate including a silver layer on a substrate, in which the silver layer includes a surface in which Kurtosis of a roughness curve satisfies at least one of Condition (i) the change rate of Kurtosis is greater than or equal to 50% under conditions of a temperature of 85 C. and a relative humidity of 85% after 240 hours have elapsed and Condition (ii) the change rate of Kurtosis is greater than or equal to 200% under conditions of a temperature of 85 C. and a relative humidity of 85% after 480 hours have elapsed, and a circuit board in which an electronic component is mounted on the surface of the laminate through a conductive joint portion.

A multilayer board insulating sheet contains a reducing agent.