A multi-bit resistive random access memory cell includes a plurality of bottom electrodes, a plurality of dielectric layers, a top electrode and a resistance layer. The bottom electrodes and the dielectric layers are interleaved layers, each of the bottom electrodes is sandwiched by the dielectric layers, and a through hole penetrates through the interleaved layers. The top electrode is disposed in the through hole. The resistance layer is disposed on a sidewall of the through hole and is between the top electrode and the interleaved layers, thereby the top electrode, the resistance layer and the bottom electrodes constituting a multi-bit resistive random access memory cell. The present invention also provides a method of forming the multi-bit resistive random access memory cell.

A resistive memory device includes: a stack structure in which a plurality of interlayer insulating layers and a plurality of conductive layers are alternately stacked; a hole penetrating the stack structure through the plurality of insulating layers and the plurality of conductive layers; a plurality of insulating patterns formed on a sidewall of each of the plurality of interlayer insulating layers within the hole; a channel layer formed along a sidewall of each of the plurality of conductive layers within the hole and a sidewall of each of the plurality of the insulating patterns within the hole, wherein the channel layer includes convex regions that are adjacent to the insulating patterns and are convexly formed in relation to a central portion of the hole and includes concave regions that are adjacent to the plurality of conductive layers and are concavely formed in relation to the central portion of the hole.

A three-dimensional resistive random access memory structure includes a base layer, a first layer, a second layer, a third layer and a fourth layer. The first layer includes two first conductive layers and a first via. One of the two first conductive layers is electrically connected between the base layer and the first via. The second layer includes three second conductive layers and two second vias. Two first resistive elements are formed between one of the two second vias and two of the three second conductive layers. The third layer includes three third conductive layers and two third vias. Two second resistive elements are formed between one of the two third vias and two of the three third conductive layers. The fourth layer includes a fourth conductive layer. The fourth conductive layer is electrically connected to the two third vias.

There are provided a resistive memory device and a manufacturing method of the resistive memory device. The resistive memory device includes: a stack structure in which a plurality of interlayer insulating layers and a plurality of conductive layers are alternately stacked; a hole penetrating the stack structure in a vertical direction; and a gate insulating layer, a channel layer, and a variable resistance layer, formed along sidewalls of the plurality of conductive layers, which are adjacent to the hole, and sidewalls of the plurality of interlayer insulating layers, which are adjacent to the hole.

A semiconductor memory device may include one or more memory cells, and each of the memory cells may include a memory unit for storing data; and a selection element unit electrically connected to the memory unit and including a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and a selection element layer that includes an insulating material layer doped with a dopant and is interposed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, wherein the insulating material layer has a two-dimensional crystalline structure.

A semiconductor device includes a substrate, a first bit line disposed on the substrate, a first tunnel insulation layer disposed on the first bit line, a variable resistance structure disposed on the first tunnel insulation layer and having a pillar structure, a second tunnel insulation layer disposed on an upper surface of the variable resistance structure, a second bit line disposed on the second tunnel insulation layer, a barrier insulation layer disposed on a sidewall surface of the variable resistance structure, and a word line disposed on the barrier insulation layer. A dielectric constant of the barrier insulation layer is greater than a dielectric constant of each of the first and second tunnel insulation layers.

A method of forming a germanium antimony tellurium (GeSbTe) layer includes forming a germanium antimony (GeSb) layer by repeatedly performing a GeSb supercycle; and forming the GeSbTe layer by performing a tellurization operation on the GeSb layer, wherein the GeSb supercycle includes performing at least one GeSb cycle; and performing at least one Sb cycle, the GeSbTe has a composition of Ge.sub.2Sb.sub.2+aTe.sub.5+b, in which a and b satisfy the following relations: −0.2<a<0.2 and −0.5<b<0.5.

A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device includes forming a lower mold having lower layers stacked on a substrate and lower channel structures passing therethrough; forming an upper mold including upper layers stacked on the lower mold and upper channel structures passing therethrough; removing the upper mold to expose an upper surface of the lower mold; separating an upper original image in which traces of the upper channel structures are displayed, and a lower original image in which the lower channel structures are displayed, from an original image capturing the upper surface of the lower mold; inputting the upper original image into a learned neural network to acquire an upper restored image in which cross sections of the upper channel structures are displayed; and comparing the upper restored image with the lower original image to verify an alignment state of the upper and lower molds.

Methods and apparatuses for a cross-point memory array and related fabrication techniques are described. The fabrication techniques described herein may facilitate concurrently building two or more decks of memory cells disposed in a cross-point architecture. Each deck of memory cells may include a plurality of first access lines (e.g., word lines), a plurality of second access lines (e.g., bit lines), and a memory component at each topological intersection of a first access line and a second access line. The fabrication technique may use a pattern of vias formed at a top layer of a composite stack, which may facilitate building a 3D memory array within the composite stack while using a reduced number of processing steps. The fabrication techniques may also be suitable for forming a socket region where the 3D memory array may be coupled with other components of a memory device.

A device may include a first die having a first circuit and a second die having a second circuit. The die may be separated by a material layer. The material layer may include multiple through-silicon vias (TSVs) for electrically coupling the first die to the second die. A first TSV of the TSVs may electrically couple the first circuit to the second circuit and a second TSV of the TSVs may include a redundant TSV that electrically bypasses the first TSV to couple the first circuit to the second circuit if a fault is detected in the first TSV.