A solar cell system includes a solar cell that includes a first electrode, a second electrode that faces the first electrode, and a light absorbing layer that is located between the first electrode and the second electrode, and converts light into charges; a power supply that applies voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a voltage controller. The light absorbing layer contains a compound having a perovskite crystal structure represented by AMX.sub.3 where A represents a monovalent cation, M represents a divalent cation, and X represents a halogen anion. The voltage controller controls the voltage of the power supply so that during a first period of non-power generation, an electric current of 1 ?A/cm.sup.2 or more and 100 ?A/cm.sup.2 or less flows in the light absorbing layer in a direction opposite to a direction in which an electric current flows during power generation.

PSS-doped polyaniline (PANI), which is inexpensive, less acidic, and stable in water, is used as a hole transport material (HTM) of an organic photovoltaic (OPV) cell for efficiently collecting energy from indoor lighting. Therefore, the organic photovoltaic cell exhibits a transmittance of 90% or more. Also, a solar cell according to the present invention has improved environmental stability.

The present inventive concept provides a solar cell, including: a semiconductor substrate; a first semiconductor layer provided on one surface of the semiconductor substrate; a second semiconductor layer provided on one surface of the first semiconductor layer; a third semiconductor layer provided on one surface of the second semiconductor layer; a first transparent conductive layer provided on one surface of the third semiconductor layer; and a first electrode provided on one surface of the first transparent conductive layer, wherein the second semiconductor layer includes a p-type semiconductor layer, and the third semiconductor layer includes a p+-type semiconductor layer including W, and a method of manufacturing the solar cell.

The present invention is related to a solar cell comprising a first electrode; a second electrode; and a stack of layers provided between the first electrode and the second electrode; wherein the stack of layers comprises one light absorbing layer provided with a perovskite crystal structure; and at least one dopant layer, wherein the dopant layer consists of one or more n-dopant material(s); or one or more p-dopant material(s).

Disclosed are an organic photoelectric device including a first electrode and a second electrode facing each other and a photoelectric conversion layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and selectively absorbing light in a green wavelength region, wherein the photoelectric conversion layer includes at least one first photoelectric conversion material having a peak absorption wavelength (?.sub.max1) of less than about 540 nm and a at least one second photoelectric conversion material having a peak absorption wavelength (?.sub.max2) of greater than or equal to about 540 nm, and an image sensor, and an electronic device.

The present specification relates to a copolymer including a first unit represented by Chemical Formula 1; and a second unit represented by Chemical Formula 2, and an organic solar cell including the same.

A solar cell system includes a solar cell that includes a first electrode, a second electrode that faces the first electrode, and a light absorbing layer that is located between the first electrode and the second electrode, and converts light into charges; a power supply that applies voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a voltage controller. The light absorbing layer contains a compound having a perovskite crystal structure represented by AMX.sub.3 where A represents a monovalent cation, M represents a divalent cation, and X represents a halogen anion. The voltage controller controls the voltage of the power supply so that during a first period of non-power generation, an electric current of 1 ?A/cm.sup.2 or more and 100 ?A/cm.sup.2 or less flows in the light absorbing layer in a direction opposite to a direction in which an electric current flows during power generation.

An imaging device is provided. The imaging device may include a substrate having a first photoelectric conversion unit and a second photoelectric conversion unit at a light-incident side of the substrate. The second photoelectric conversion unit may include a photoelectric conversion layer, a first electrode, a second electrode above the photoelectric conversion layer, a third electrode, and an insulating material between the third electrode and the photoelectric conversion layer, wherein a portion of the insulating material is between the first electrode and the third electrode.

An imaging device is provided. The imaging device may include a substrate having a first photoelectric conversion unit and a second photoelectric conversion unit at a light-incident side of the substrate. The second photoelectric conversion unit may include a photoelectric conversion layer, a first electrode, a second electrode above the photoelectric conversion layer, a third electrode, and an insulating material between the third electrode and the photoelectric conversion layer, wherein a portion of the insulating material is between the first electrode and the third electrode.

A tandem photovoltaic device includes a perovskite absorbing layer, a crystalline silicon absorbing layer and a single-layer electrical function layer connected in series to the two absorbing layers; a contact interface between the perovskite absorbing layer and the single-layer electrical function layer is a first series interface; and a contact interface between the crystalline silicon absorbing layer and the single-layer electrical function layer is a second series interface; wherein a conducting type at the second series interface is different from a conducting type at the first series interface, and the difference between the work functions is 0.3 eV and 0.3 eV.