Solar cell modules and methods of fabrication are described. In an embodiment, a pair of tandem solar cells are a step surface or trench within the top subcell of a tandem solar cell is at least partially filled with another material such as an insulator support or electrically conductive support to transfer stress away from the absorber layer of the top subcell of the tandem solar cells when stacked or connected with ribbon.

Solar cell modules and methods of fabrication are described. In an embodiment, a pair of tandem solar cells are a step surface or trench within the top subcell of a tandem solar cell is at least partially filled with another material such as an insulator support or electrically conductive support to transfer stress away from the absorber layer of the top subcell of the tandem solar cells when stacked or connected with ribbon.

Solar cell modules and methods of fabrication are described. In an embodiment, a pair of tandem solar cells are a step surface or trench within the top subcell of a tandem solar cell is at least partially filled with another material such as an insulator support or electrically conductive support to transfer stress away from the absorber layer of the top subcell of the tandem solar cells when stacked or connected with ribbon.

Solar cell modules and methods of fabrication are described. In an embodiment, a pair of tandem solar cells are a step surface or trench within the top subcell of a tandem solar cell is at least partially filled with another material such as an insulator support or electrically conductive support to transfer stress away from the absorber layer of the top subcell of the tandem solar cells when stacked or connected with ribbon.

Solar cell modules and methods of fabrication are described. In an embodiment, a pair of tandem solar cells are a step surface or trench within the top subcell of a tandem solar cell is at least partially filled with another material such as an insulator support or electrically conductive support to transfer stress away from the absorber layer of the top subcell of the tandem solar cells when stacked or connected with ribbon.

A multi-junction photovoltaic device comprising a layer of metal oxynitride between a first sub-cell and a second sub-cell is disclosed, the first sub-cell having a layer comprising a perovskite light absorber material. In addition, a method of manufacturing said multi junction photovoltaic device is disclosed. The metal oxynitride is preferably titanium oxynitride. Advantageously, the device may be produced in a simple, fast, consistent and inexpensive manner, whilst the properties of the titanium oxynitride layer may be tuned to avoid the occurrence of local shunt paths and to reduce reflection losses.

A multi-junction photovoltaic device comprising a layer of metal oxynitride between a first sub-cell and a second sub-cell is disclosed, the first sub-cell having a layer comprising a perovskite light absorber material. In addition, a method of manufacturing said multi junction photovoltaic device is disclosed. The metal oxynitride is preferably titanium oxynitride. Advantageously, the device may be produced in a simple, fast, consistent and inexpensive manner, whilst the properties of the titanium oxynitride layer may be tuned to avoid the occurrence of local shunt paths and to reduce reflection losses.

The invention provides a transferrable photovoltaic device arrangement for transferring a thin-film photovoltaic device to a bottom photovoltaic sub-cell to produce a tandem photovoltaic cell, the transferrable photovoltaic device arrangement comprising: a flexible release substrate; and a thin-film photovoltaic device comprising (i) a first transparent conductive layer located over the flexible release substrate and (ii) a photoactive layer located over the first transparent conductive layer, wherein the first transparent conductive layer is a solution-processed layer comprising at least one selected from a conductive polymer or polymer composite, an activatable adhesive, and an organic binder, and wherein the flexible release substrate is separable from the thin-film photovoltaic device after the thin-film photovoltaic device is adhered to the bottom photovoltaic sub-cell with a transparent conductive adhesive, thereby exposing the first transparent conductive layer at an outer conductive surface of the thin-film photovoltaic device.

The invention provides a transferrable photovoltaic device arrangement for transferring a thin-film photovoltaic device to a bottom photovoltaic sub-cell to produce a tandem photovoltaic cell, the transferrable photovoltaic device arrangement comprising: a flexible release substrate; and a thin-film photovoltaic device comprising (i) a first transparent conductive layer located over the flexible release substrate and (ii) a photoactive layer located over the first transparent conductive layer, wherein the first transparent conductive layer is a solution-processed layer comprising at least one selected from a conductive polymer or polymer composite, an activatable adhesive, and an organic binder, and wherein the flexible release substrate is separable from the thin-film photovoltaic device after the thin-film photovoltaic device is adhered to the bottom photovoltaic sub-cell with a transparent conductive adhesive, thereby exposing the first transparent conductive layer at an outer conductive surface of the thin-film photovoltaic device.

A multilayer junction photoelectric converter and a multilayer junction photoelectric converter manufacturing method capable of preventing water from contacting a perovskite layer are provided. A multilayer junction photoelectric converter of an embodiment includes a multilayered-structure. In the multilayered-structure, a first electrode functional layer, a first photoactive layer, an intermediate functional layer, a second photoactive layer, and a second electrode functional layer are multilayered. The first photoactive layer is made of crystalline silicon. The second photoactive layer is made of a photoactive material having a perovskite crystal structure. A partial layer included in the second electrode functional layer is included in the multilayered-structure and extends on an edge surface of the multilayered-structure to cover an end portion of the second photoactive layer at the edge surface.