An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes: first and second pixel electrodes on a substrate, and spaced from each other; a pixel-defining film surrounding edges of the first and second pixel electrodes; a first intermediate layer on the first pixel electrode; a second intermediate layer on the second pixel electrode, spaced from the first intermediate layer; a first counter electrode on the first intermediate layer; a second counter electrode on the second intermediate layer, spaced from the first counter electrode; a first passivation layer on the first counter electrode; a second passivation layer on the second counter electrode, spaced from the first passivation layer; a first bank around the first passivation layer and protruding from the pixel-defining film to extend in a direction away from the substrate; and a second bank around the second passivation layer and protruding from the pixel-defining film to extend in the direction away from the substrate.

An organic light-emitting display apparatus, including a substrate including a plurality of pixel areas and non-pixel areas in a display area, a plurality of pixel electrodes respectively corresponding to the plurality of pixel areas, a pixel-defining layer including a cover portion and openings, wherein the cover portion covers an edge of each of the plurality of pixel electrodes, and each of the openings exposes a central portion of a pixel electrode among the plurality of pixel electrodes, an auxiliary electrode located such that the auxiliary electrode corresponds to at least a portion of a top surface of the cover portion, and an intermediate layer and a counter electrode, each located in the openings. The pixel-defining layer may have an under-cut structure in which the at least a portion of the top surface of the cover portion is recessed from the auxiliary electrode.

A method of manufacturing an organic light-emitting display apparatus includes: forming a lift-off layer on a substrate including a first electrode, the lift-off layer including a fluoropolymer; forming a pattern layer on the lift-off layer; etching the lift-off layer between patterns of the pattern layer by utilizing a first solvent to expose the first electrode; forming an organic functional layer on the first electrode and the pattern layer, the organic functional layer including an emission layer; removing remaining portions of the lift-off layer by utilizing a second solvent; and forming a second electrode on the organic functional layer.

A method of manufacturing an organic light-emitting display apparatus includes forming a pixel electrode and a pixel-defining layer on a substrate, the pixel-defining layer covering edges of the pixel electrode sequentially forming a lift-off layer and a photoresist on the pixel electrode and the pixel-defining layer patterning the lift-off layer and the photoresist to define an opening that exposes a top surface of the pixel electrode and a portion of the pixel-defining layer sequentially forming an intermediate layer and an opposite electrode in the opening and on the photoresist, the intermediate layer including an emission layer forming a passivation layer to cover an entirety of a top surface and end portions of the opposite electrode and removing the lift-off layer and the photoresist that remain outside the opening.

A method of manufacturing an organic light-emitting display apparatus includes forming a first lift-off layer comprising fluoropolymer and a moisture absorbent over a substrate comprising a first electrode; forming a photoresist over the first lift-off layer and patterning the photoresist by removing a part of the photoresist; etching the first lift-off layer in a region from which the part of the photoresist has been removed by using a first solvent to expose the first electrode; forming an organic functional layer comprising an emission layer above the first electrode and above the first lift-off layer; removing the first lift-off layer by using a second solvent; and forming a second electrode over the organic functional layer.

The present invention relates to a method for forming a layer, to be patterned, of an element by using a fluorinated material, which has orthogonality, and a solvent, the method comprising: a first step of printing with the fluorinated material so as to form, on a surface of a substrate, a mask template provided with an exposure part and a non-exposure part; a second step of coating the exposure part with a material to be patterned; a the third step of lifting-off the non-exposure part with the fluorinated solvent so as to form the layer to be patterned in the exposure part.

The present disclosure provides a black matrix and a method for manufacturing the same, and a color filter substrate and a method for manufacturing the same. The method for manufacturing the black matrix includes: providing a substrate; forming a sacrificial layer on the substrate, the sacrificial layer including a plurality of sacrificial patterns; forming a light shielding film layer on the sacrificial layer, wherein the light shielding film layer includes a plurality of first light shielding patterns and a plurality of second light shielding patterns, and each of the second light shielding patterns and an adjacent first light shielding pattern are separated by the sacrificial pattern; removing the sacrificial layer and the second light shielding pattern and forming the black matrix.

Disclosed is a method of manufacturing a multicolor quantum dot pattern, the forming of a first quantum dot layer on the activated substrate includes: coating a polymer with a polarity opposite to a surface charge of the activated substrate or coating quantum dots having a functional group charged with a polarity opposite to a surface charge of the activated substrate onto the substrate; washing the substrate with water having pH 6 to pH 8; drying the substrate with flow of nitrogen, argon or air; coating quantum dots having a functional group charged with a polarity opposite to the polymer or the quantum dots charge coated on the substrate, or coating a polymer with a polarity opposite to the quantum dots charge coated on the substrate; washing the substrate with water having pH 6 to pH 8; and drying the substrate with flow of nitrogen, argon or air.

A method of making a device includes providing a fluorinated material layer over the device substrate having one or more target areas for patterning. One or more lift-off structures are formed at least in part by developing a first pattern of one or more open areas in the fluorinated material layer in alignment with the one or more target areas by contact with a developing agent including a fluorinated solvent which dissolves the fluorinated material at a first rate. After patterning, the lift-off structures are removed by contact with a lift-off agent including a fluorinated solvent wherein the lift-off agent dissolves the fluorinated material at a second rate that is at least 150 nm/sec and higher than the first rate.

A method of patterning a device is disclosed using a resist precursor structure having at least two fluoropolymer layers. A first fluoropolymer layer includes a first fluoropolymer material having a fluorine content of at least 50% by weight and is substantially soluble in a first hydrofluoroether solvent or in a first perfluorinated solvent, but substantially less soluble in a second hydrofluoroether solvent relative to both the first hydrofluoroether and the first perfluorinated solvent. The second fluoropolymer layer includes a second fluoropolymer material having a fluorine content less than that of the first fluoropolymer material and is substantially soluble in the first or second hydrofluoroether solvents, but substantially less soluble in the first perfluorinated solvent relative to both the first and second hydrofluoroether solvents.