An organic photovoltaic device comprises a substrate, a reflector positioned over the substrate, a first electrode positioned over at least a first portion of the reflector, a polaritonic antenna layer positioned over a second portion of the reflector different from the first portion, electrically connected to the first electrode, and at least one unit reaction cell positioned over at least part of the first electrode, the at least one unit reaction cell comprising a heterojunction layer comprising a donor material and an acceptor material, positioned over the first electrode, and a second electrode positioned over the heterojunction, wherein the polaritonic antenna and the reflector are configured to convert incoming photonic energy to polaritons. A method of fabricating an organic photovoltaic device is also disclosed.

An organic light-emitting display device includes: a substrate; a pixel electrode on the substrate; a pixel defining layer having a first opening exposing a center portion of the pixel electrode; a barrier layer on the pixel defining layer; an intermediate layer including a first common layer, a first emissive layer, and a second common layer sequentially arranged on the pixel electrode, the pixel defining layer, and the barrier layer; and a first opposite electrode covering the intermediate layer. The barrier layer has a second opening that is larger than the first opening and has an undercut structure.

An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes: a substrate; first and second pixel electrodes on the substrate and spaced from each other; an insulating layer between the first and second pixel electrodes, the insulating layer covering ends of the first and second pixel electrodes, and having a step height difference; an auxiliary electrode on the insulating layer; first and second intermediate layers on the first and second pixel electrodes, the first and second intermediate layers being spaced from each other, and including first and second light-emitting layers, respectively; first and second opposite electrodes on the first and second intermediate layers, the first and second opposite electrodes being spaced from each other, and in contact with the auxiliary electrode; and first and second passivation layers on the first and second opposite electrodes, the first and second passivation layers being spaced from each other, and covering the first and second opposite electrodes, respectively.

A method of manufacturing a display panel having an opening, a display area surrounding the opening, and a non-display area between the opening and the display area, the method includes the steps of: forming a pixel circuit including a at least one thin-film transistor in the display area, forming a first electrode electrically connected to the at least one thin-film transistor, forming a first layer having a plurality of slits in the non-display area, forming, on the first electrode, an intermediate layer and a second electrode that form a light-emitting element, the intermediate layer and the second electrode being disposed on the display area and the non-display area, and covering the first layer, lifting the second electrode off from the intermediate layer by irradiating a first laser beam having a first energy density toward the first layer, the intermediate layer, and the second electrode, which are stacked, and lifting off the first layer and the intermediate layer by irradiating a second laser beam having a second energy density greater than the first density toward the first layer.

A method of making an OLED device includes providing a first undercut lift-off structure over the device substrate having a first array of bottom electrodes. Next, one or more first organic EL medium layers including at least a first light-emitting layer are deposited over the first undercut lift-off structure and over the first array of bottom electrodes. The first undercut lift-off structure and overlying first organic EL medium layer(s) are removed by treatment with a first lift-off agent comprising a fluorinated solvent to form a first intermediate structure. The process is repeated using a second undercut lift-off structure to deposit one or more second organic EL medium layers over a second array of bottom electrodes. After removal of the second undercut lift-off structure, a common top electrode is provided in electrical contact with the first and second organic EL medium layers.

An organic light-emitting display apparatus including a first electrode disposed on a substrate; a pixel defining layer covering an edge of the first electrode; a layer disposed on the pixel defining layer, the layer including a fluoropolymer and contacting a top surface of the first electrode; a first organic functional layer including a first light emitting layer, the first organic functional layer having a lower surface contacting the top surface of the first electrode; and a second electrode disposed on the first organic functional layer.

The present disclosure is related to a method of manufacturing an array substrate. The method of manufacturing an array substrate may include forming an auxiliary cathode on a base substrate, forming a layer of magnetic material on a first surface of the auxiliary cathode, forming an emission layer in a display area of the array substrate, a part of the emission layer on the layer of the magnetic material on the first surface of the auxiliary cathode, and removing the part of the emission layer and the layer of magnetic material from the first surface of the auxiliary cathode.

An organic light-emitting display apparatus including: a substrate; a pixel electrode located on the substrate; a pixel-defining film coveting an end portion of the pixel electrode; an intermediate layer located on the pixel electrode and including an emission layer; a counter electrode located on the intermediate layer; a passivation layer located on the counter electrode and including a cover portion covering a top surface of the counter electrode and a protrusion extending from an end portion of the cover portion away from the substrate; and an encapsulation member covering the passivation layer.

An organic light-emitting display apparatus including a substrate, a first first electrode on the substrate, a first organic functional layer on the first first electrode, the first organic functional layer including a first emission layer, a first second electrode on the first organic functional layer, a second first electrode on the substrate, the second first electrode being spaced apart from the first first electrode, a second organic functional layer on the second first electrode, the second organic functional layer including a second emission layer, a second second electrode on the second organic functional layer, and a self-assembled layer between the first organic functional layer and the second organic functional layer, the self-assembled layer containing fluorine.

A method of manufacturing an electroluminescent device includes providing a substrate including a first pixel and a second pixel configured to emit different colors; forming a first light-emitting layer and a first protecting layer over the substrate through a first opening of a first sacrificial layer; forming a second light-emitting layer and a second protecting layer over the substrate through a second opening of a second sacrificial layer; removing the first sacrificial layer together with the second sacrificial layer; and removing the first protecting layer from the first light-emitting layer, and the second protecting layer from the second light-emitting layer.