A display device including a laminate includes a wavelength selective absorption layer containing a resin, a dye including at least one of four specific dyes A to D, and an antifading agent for a dye, and includes a gas barrier layer, and a wavelength conversion material; the laminate includes a wavelength selective absorption layer containing a resin, a dye, and an electron migration-type antifading agent in which the energy level of the highest occupied molecular orbital and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital satisfy a specific relational expression in relation to the dye, and includes the gas barrier layer; an organic electroluminescent display device includes this laminate. The gas barrier layer contains a crystalline resin, has a layer thickness of 0.1 μm to 10 μm, has a layer oxygen permeability of 60 cc/m.sup.2.Math.day.Math.atm or less, and is directly arranged on at least one surface of the wavelength selective absorption layer.

A light-emitting device includes a substrate, an anode, a cathode, an emissive layer between the anode and the cathode, the emissive layer comprising quantum dots having ligands, a cross-linked matrix comprising a cross-linkable charge transport material other than the ligands, and another charge transport material, where the quantum dots are dispersed in the cross-linked matrix, and the another charge transport material alters mobility of charge carriers of the emissive layer. The another charge transport material is not cross-linked with the cross-linked charge transport material in the cross-linked matrix. The cross-linked charge transport material is a cross-linkable hole transporting material. The another charge transporting material includes a hole transporting material. The hole transporting material has a highest occupied molecular orbital or valence energy level between those of the cross-linked hole transporting material and the quantum dots.

A light-emitting element includes an anode electrode, cathode electrode, an EML, and an HTL. The HTL includes a hole transport material, and a first polymer containing a polysiloxane bond in the main chain and having a functional group including a π-conjugated electron pair in a side chain of the first polymer.

A polyimide luminescent material, a preparation method, and a used thereof are disclosed; the polyimide luminescent material includes a polyimide resin and a rare earth complex distributed in the polyimide resin, wherein the polyimide resin is a condensation polymer of an aromatic diamine containing a bidentate chelate ligand and an aromatic dianhydride, and the rare earth complex and the bidentate chelate ligand are connected by a chemical bond. The luminescent material has enhanced fluorescence intensity, thermal stability, and mechanical properties. The preparation method is simple and easy, and is suitable for industrial production.

A polymer including a structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 1, an electroluminescence device material including the polymer, an electroluminescence device including the polymer or the electroluminescence device material, and an electronic device including the electroluminescence device are provided:

##STR00001##

In Chemical Formula 1, the definition of each substituent is the same as described in the specification.

As a technology capable of improving the durability of an electroluminescent device, for example, luminescence lifespan, a polymeric compound including a structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 1, or a structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 1 and a structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 2, and an electroluminescent device material or electroluminescent device including the same are provided:

##STR00001##

In Chemical Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2, R.sup.11 to R.sup.14 are not the same as R.sup.41 to R.sup.44.

Provided are phenazine copolymers and methods of making and using phenazine copolymers. The phenazine copolymers may be made from one or more phenazine precursors and one or more co-monomer precursors, one or more phenazine precursors and one or more cross-linking precursors, or one or more phenazine precursors and both one or more cross-linking precursors and one or more co-monomer precursors. The phenazine copolymers may be used in/on cathodes. The cathodes may be used in a variety of devices, such as, for example, batteries or supercapacitors.

A synchronized piezoelectric and luminescence (SPL) material includes a core layer including light-emitting particles and a shell layer which is attached onto a surface of the core layer and includes ligands having a piezoelectric property. Therefore, a piezoelectric property and a luminescent property can be simultaneously implemented using a single SPL material in which piezoelectric ligands and light-emitting particles are chemically coupled.

There is a polymeric photovoltaic cell (or solar cell) with inverted structure having an anode; an anodic buffer layer; an active layer having at least one photoactive organic polymer as electron-donor and at least one electron-accepting organic compound; a cathodic buffer layer; and a cathode. The at least one photoactive organic polymer is selected from conjugated polymers comprising an anthraditiophenic derivative having a general formula (I):

##STR00001##

The polymeric photovoltaic cell (or solar cell) with inverted structure shows good values of power conversion efficiency (PCE) (η) and can be advantageously used in the construction of photovoltaic modules (or solar modules), either on a rigid support or on a flexible support.

An osmium-containing conjugated polymer and methods thereof. A structural formula of the osmium-containing conjugated polymer is formula I, a reaction formula of the osmium-containing conjugated polymer is a formula II.