The heat resistance of an organic semiconductor device including a step of forming an aluminum oxide film over and in contact with an organic semiconductor layer is improved. A heating step is performed after a layer containing an organometallic compound for a mask for an organic semiconductor layer, which is represented by General Formula (G1) below, is provided over the organic semiconductor layer.

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In General Formula (G1), Ar represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, X represents oxygen or sulfur, M represents a metal, n represents an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 5, and n is the same as the valence of the metal M. Note that when n is greater than or equal to 2, a plurality of Ars may be the same or different and Xs may be the same or different. When Ar represents the substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a heteroatom of the heteroaryl group may be coordinated to the metal M.

The invention relates to a light-emitting organic molecule, in particular for the application in optoelectronic devices. According to the invention, the organic molecule has a first chemical moiety with a structure of Formula I:

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and a second chemical moiety with a structure of Formula II:

##STR00002##

A highly reliable light-emitting device is provided. The light-emitting device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a light-emitting layer. The light-emitting layer is positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode. The light-emitting layer includes a first organic compound, a second organic compound, and a substance that can convert triplet excitation energy into light emission. The first organic compound includes a -electron deficient heteroaromatic ring. The second organic compound includes a -electron rich heteroaromatic ring or an aromatic amine skeleton. The first organic compound and the second organic compound each contain deuterium. A difference between the lowest triplet excitation level of the first organic compound and that of the second organic compound is less than or equal to 0.10 eV.

A light-emitting device having excellent characteristics is provided. A light-emitting apparatus material contains an organic compound. In the light-emitting apparatus material, the inner product of a vector A connecting two most distant atoms in the lowest excited state of the organic compound and a vector B that is a transition dipole moment relating to light emission from the organic compound is greater than or equal to 2.5. The length of the vector A is represented in nm, and the magnitude of the vector B is represented in debye. The direction of the vector A is set such that an angle formed by the vector A and the vector B is less than or equal to 90.

A compound comprising Formula I,

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is provided. In Formula I, M is Pd or Pt; each of X.sup.5 to X.sup.12, Z.sup.1, and Z.sup.2 is C or N; Y.sup.1, A.sup.1, and A.sup.2 are C or a heteroatom; if Y.sup.1 is O, S, or Se, then A.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are absent; K, L.sup.1, and L.sup.2 are a direct bond or a linking group; R.sup.1 is a General Substituent defined herein; each R, R, R.sup., R.sup., R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.A, R.sup.B, R.sup.C, R.sup.D, and R.sup.E is hydrogen or a General Substituent defined herein; and (1) one pair of RA, one pair of RB, or one pair of RE substituents join to form a 6-membered ring; or (2) L.sup.2 is NR, and R joins with an R.sup.E substituent to form a structure of Formula II,

##STR00002##

Formulations, OLEDs, and consumer products containing the same are also provided.

A light-emitting device including a heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1, an electronic apparatus and electronic equipment that include the light-emitting device, and the heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 are provided:

##STR00001##

A light-emitting device having high emission efficiency is provided. The light-emitting device includes a light-emitting layer between a pair of electrodes. The light-emitting layer includes a first compound, a material configured to convert triplet excitation energy into light emission, and a material configured to convert singlet excitation energy into light emission. At least one of the first compound and the material configured to convert triplet excitation energy into light emission includes deuterium. Light emission is obtained from the material configured to convert singlet excitation energy into light emission.

An organic light emitting diode (OLED) comprises at least one exciton generation layer that can generate exciplex disposed adjacently to an emitting material layer. While emissive zone is extended to the exciton generation layer as well as the emitting material layer, exciton recombination zone is limited to the emitting material layer. The luminous lifespan of the OLED can be improved by preventing materials degradations within the emissive layer. The driving voltage of the OLED can be lowered as holes and electrons can be injected rapidly into the emitting material layer.

The present invention relates to an organic electroluminescent device including at least one light-emitting layer composed of one or more sublayers, wherein the one or more sublayers of the light-emitting layer as a whole include at least one host material H.sup.B, at least one phosphorescence material P.sup.B, at least one small FWHM emitter S.sup.B, and at least one TADF material E.sup.B, wherein the small FWHM emitter S.sup.B emits light with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of less than or equal to 0.25 eV.

An organic light emitting diode, and an organic light emitting device including the same are described. An organic light emitting diode includes a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and a first emitting part including a first blue emitting material layer and positioned between the first and second electrodes, the first blue emitting material layer including a first blue emitting layer and a second blue emitting layer, wherein one of the first and second blue emitting layers includes a first p-type host represented by Formula 1 and a first n-type host represented by Formula 3 to provide an exciplex property, and the other one of the first and second blue emitting layers includes a second p-type host represented by Formula 1 and a second n-type host represented by Formula 5 to provide a delayed fluorescent property.