The present invention provides a bio-electrode composition including: (A) an ionic material; and (B) a resin other than the component (A); wherein the component (A) contains both of a repeating unit-a having a structure of any of silver salts of fluorosulfonic acid, fluorosulfonimide, and fluorosulfonamide; and a repeating unit-b having silicon. This can form a living body contact layer for a bio-electrode that is excellent in electric conductivity and biocompatibility, light in weight, manufacturable at low cost, and free from large lowering of the electric conductivity even when it is wetted with water or dried. The present invention also provides a bio-electrode in which the living body contact layer is formed from the bio-electrode composition, and a method for manufacturing the bio-electrode.

A polymer composition that is capable of exhibiting a unique combination of ductility (e.g., tensile elongation at break), impact strength (e.g., Charpy notched impact strength), and dimensional stability is provided. For example, the polymer composition may contain a liquid crystalline polymer in combination with an epoxy-functionalized olefin copolymer and an inorganic particulate material.

A composite membrane for use in flow batteries is contemplated. The membrane comprises a hydrogel, such as poly(vinyl alcohol), applied to a polymeric microporous film substrate. This composite is interposed between two half cells of a flow battery. The resulting membrane and system, as well as corresponding methods for making the membrane and making and operating the system itself, provide unexpectedly good performance at a significant cost advantage over currently known systems.

A method for electrostatically scattering an abrasive grain includes applying at least one electro-conductive material to the abrasive grain. The electro-conductive material is in the form of at least one organic compound.

Silicon oxide based materials, including composites with various electrical conductive compositions, are formulated into desirable anodes. The anodes can be effectively combined into lithium ion batteries with high capacity cathode materials. In some formulations, supplemental lithium can be used to stabilize cycling as well as to reduce effects of first cycle irreversible capacity loss. Batteries are described with surprisingly good cycling properties with good specific capacities with respect to both cathode active weights and anode active weights.

A fluorosulfonyl group-containing polymer having units represented by the following formula u1, a sulfonic acid group-containing polymer having fluorosulfonyl groups in the fluorosulfonyl group-containing polymer converted into sulfonic acid groups, its production method and its applications: ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.F1 and R.sup.F2 are a C.sub.1-3 perfluoroalkylene group.

A polymer composition that is capable of exhibiting a unique combination of ductility (e.g., tensile elongation at break), impact strength (e.g., Charpy notched impact strength), and dimensional stability is provided. For example, the polymer composition may contain a liquid crystalline polymer in combination with an epoxy-functionalized olefin copolymer and an inorganic particulate material.

The present invention to provide a highly proton conducting metal organic material constituting of phosphate ester based ligand immobilized via gelation with Fe.sup.3 ion in DMF which is used as conducting electrolyte in PEFMCs.

Disclosed herein are systems and methods for nerve conduction block. The systems and methods can utilize at least one renewable electrode. The methods can include delivering a first direct current with a first polarity to an electrode proximate nervous tissue sufficient to block conduction in the nervous tissue. Delivering the first direct current can place the nervous tissue in a hypersuppressed state at least partially preventing conduction of the nervous tissue after cessation of delivering of the first direct current. The nervous tissue can be maintained in the hypersuppressed state for a desired period, such as at least about 1 minute.

The present invention relates to adhesive and electroconductive cardiopatches designed to provide mechanical support and restore electromechanical coupling at the site of MI to minimize cardiac remodeling and preserve normal cardiac function.