Disclosed is a machine that functions by a human subject standing on a stationary base with one foot on the base and the other foot on a pedal. The foot on the pedal is positioned such that the hip and knee joints are in the flexed position. On command, the human subject will force the flexed hip and knee joints to full extension. The full extension is followed by relaxation of the engaged muscles allowing the elastic bands to force the hip and knee joints back to the flex position (or starting position). This action is repeated for as many times as is possible within a given period of time. Upright bars (support structure) allow the individual to stabilize themselves during the action. Adjustments can be made to the pedal height of the machine in order to allow proper training for human subjects who differ in height.

A ball chair may comprise a chair frame, a ball body and an adjusting unit. The chair frame has a connecting base and a legs base, and a supporting column formed therebetween is configured to achieve a telescopic action thereby adjusting a height of the ball chair. The connecting base is formed in a concave shape to form a housing space therein, and an annular frame is formed at an upper end of the connecting base. The ball body is configured to be coupled on the connecting base of the chair frame, and the annular frame is configured to couple with an outer periphery of the ball body thereby limiting a position thereof. As a result, the ball chair is suitable for different statures of users and enables the users to sit thereon for training or rehabilitation.

A smart ball-machine uses artificial intelligence to train a player or to play with a player. For example, the ball-machine can adjust the tennis ball speed, topspin, bounce according to the player's successful ball return rate. The ball-machine can be preconfigured with a profile of a player. For example, the ball-machine may download a complete profile of a tennis player from a game recording, or may download a file with a customized profile of a player to train a player using the ball-machine. The ball-machine is equipped with a plurality of wheels, motors, and shafts to provide a fully customizable launch of one or more balls. For example, the ball can be launched from the machine from one side of a tennis court to another side of a tennis court with a variety of speeds, trajectories, topspin, bounce etc.

Electromechanical rehabilitation of a user can include receiving a pedal force value from a pedal sensor of a pedal; receiving a pedal rotational position; based on the pedal rotational position over a period of time, calculating a pedal velocity; and based at least upon the pedal force value, a set pedal resistance value, and the pedal velocity, outputting one or more control signals causing an electric motor to provide a driving force to control simulated rotational inertia applied to the pedal.

A smart ball-machine uses artificial intelligence to train a player or to play with a player. For example, the ball-machine can adjust the tennis ball speed, topspin, bounce according to the player's successful ball return rate. The ball-machine can be preconfigured with a profile of a player. For example, the ball-machine may download a complete profile of a tennis player from a game recording, or may download a file with a customized profile of a player to train a player using the ball-machine. The ball-machine is equipped with a plurality of wheels, motors, and shafts to provide a fully customizable launch of one or more balls. For example, the ball can be launched from the machine from one side of a tennis court to another side of a tennis court with a variety of speeds, trajectories, topspin, bounce etc.

A softball pitching machine in accordance with the present disclosure is configured to lob a softball along an arcuate path with forward spin to mimic the motion of an underhand, slow pitched softball from a human pitcher. The softball pitching machine includes a throwing arm having a curved hand configured to move along a predetermined arcuate path to a preset stopping point that imparts the arcing path and the forward spin on the softball.

A boxing or sparring device that fights back that includes one or more boxing bags, one or more boxing arms and alternatively a kicking leg.

The present disclosure is directed to foldable roping dummy assemblies and systems. In a first illustrative embodiment, a central support portion may have right and left leg assemblies and an upper body chamber generally formed as tube. A body cylinder slidable in the upper body chamber may be connected to a head assembly via a linkage at a front end. In a folded position, the head assembly resides between the leg assemblies. As the head assembly is lifted into position, the body cylinder slides rearward and the linkage rotates the head assembly into position at the front of the upper body chamber. In a second illustrative embodiment, the central support portion may be formed as a set of stairs which includes a central cavity open on at least one side, such that in a folded position, the head assembly resides in the central cavity.

A tennis ball retriever for retrieving a tennis ball on and about a tennis court and for controllably releasing the ball includes a front-end ball collector having two spaced-apart blades defining a ball collection space. The retriever includes a means for gripping and securing a ball positioned at the fore end, and one or more detents for retaining the collected ball in the collection space until a programmed or manually-directed release toward a target location such as a tennis baseline. The retriever includes a processor-controller for controlling and directing the retriever during a retrieval session. The retriever may be remote-controlled such as by voice commands.

A slide training apparatus is provided including a slide support structure. The slide support structure includes side supporting elements and a cross bar supported by the side supporting elements and having an adjustable height. The side supporting elements may be attached at lower ends to feet, wheels, or base support elements. The apparatus may further include a mat disposed at least partially under the slide support structure.