Embodiments of the present disclosure include a solenoid assembly that includes a ferromagnetic core tube having a longitudinal axis, a radial exterior surface and a radial interior surface, the ferromagnetic core tube comprising a channel disposed on the radial exterior surface of the ferromagnetic core tube, the channel circumscribing the ferromagnetic core tube along a given portion of the longitudinal axis, the channel comprising a plurality of radial exterior surfaces. The solenoid assembly also includes an excitation coil disposed radially outward of the ferromagnetic core tube.

The present embodiment relates to a dual camera module comprising: a rigid first substrate having a first image sensor arranged thereon; a rigid second substrate spaced apart from the first substrate and having a second image sensor arranged thereon; a third substrate connected to the first substrate and the second substrate; and a flexible connection unit for connecting the first substrate to the second substrate, wherein the first substrate includes a first side surface, the second substrate includes a second side surface facing the first side surface, and the connection unit connects the first side surface of the first substrate to the second side surface of the second substrate.

The present embodiment relates to a dual camera module comprising: a rigid first substrate having a first image sensor arranged thereon; a rigid second substrate spaced apart from the first substrate and having a second image sensor arranged thereon; a third substrate connected to the first substrate and the second substrate; and a flexible connection unit for connecting the first substrate to the second substrate, wherein the first substrate includes a first side surface, the second substrate includes a second side surface facing the first side surface, and the connection unit connects the first side surface of the first substrate to the second side surface of the second substrate.

A method of controlling a proportional solenoid valve whose valve opening degree is controlled by excitation of a proportional solenoid includes: generating a driving current (id) that excites a proportional solenoid (28); reversing a polarity of the driving current (id) at a cycle faster than movement of a valve body (18); and controlling the valve opening degree by a current level of the driving current (id). As a result, an alternating magnetic field is generated in the proportional solenoid so that a desired valve opening degree is obtained by the driving current level while obviating the influence of the residual magnetism.

A method of controlling a proportional solenoid valve whose valve opening degree is controlled by excitation of a proportional solenoid includes: generating a driving current (id) that excites a proportional solenoid (28); reversing a polarity of the driving current (id) at a cycle faster than movement of a valve body (18); and controlling the valve opening degree by a current level of the driving current (id). As a result, an alternating magnetic field is generated in the proportional solenoid so that a desired valve opening degree is obtained by the driving current level while obviating the influence of the residual magnetism.

The solenoid coil includes a coil having a first end surface and a second end surface on its both ends in an axial direction, a member which is in contact with the first end surface, and has a groove through which the wire material of the coil passes, and an insulating resin formed to coat at least an outer circumferential surface and the second end surface of the coil. The resin with a substantially U-shaped section is continuously coated on at least a part of an inner circumferential surface of the coil via an area from the outer circumferential surface to the second end surface.

A magnetic microactuator (100) including a coil (6; 61; 62) controlling the axial movement of a sliding block (30) including at least one permanent magnet (2) joined or aligned with a ferromagnetic or magnetised rear arbor (42) and guiding the field lines of the magnetic field of revolution in the axial direction (D) through the coil (6; 61; 62) wherein circulates the sliding block (30), up to a rear end (43) of said rear arbor (42) that tends to cooperate by magnetic attraction with at least one first ferromagnetic restoration element (8), located in the vicinity of a rear face (25) of the structure (20) of the microactuator (100), in order to bring said sliding block (30) back into a rear end-of-travel position when no coil (6; 61; 62) is powered.

A stator provided at a position facing an opening of a housing member. The stator includes a conical protrusion portion and a side surface made from a magnetic body. The side surface extends from an outer periphery of the reduced diameter portion in a direction away from the opening of the housing member. Also included is a yoke with a fixation hole having an inner peripheral surface to which a part of the side surface portion of the stator is fixed. A non-contact portion, where the yoke and the side surface portion are out of contact with each other, is formed on the housing member side of the fixation hole. Also included is a non-magnetic connection member joined by being heated between the housing member and the yoke, and a movable element provided axially movably in the housing member and made from a magnetic body.

Systems and methods for optimizing the application of pulse width modulation (PWM) in a voltage signal for delivering a current in a valve used to alternatively deliver pressurized gas to and vent from chambers in a vitrectomy probe used to drive a cutter.

Systems and methods for optimizing the application of pulse width modulation (PWM) in a voltage signal for delivering a current in a valve used to alternatively deliver pressurized gas to and vent from chambers in a vitrectomy probe used to drive a cutter.