A solenoid valve includes a valve portion and a solenoid portion. The valve portion has a sleeve and a valve body. The solenoid portion includes a tubular coil portion, a magnetic yoke having a side surface portion and a bottom portion, a columnar plunger, a shaft, a stator core having a core shaft hole for sliding the plunger in the axial direction, and a base portion having a base shaft hole. In a radial thickness of the sleeve, a thickness of a part corresponding to an end outer peripheral surface is smaller than a thickness of a sliding portion of an inner peripheral surface of the sleeve, which is a portion on which the valve body slides.

A solenoid valve includes a valve portion and a solenoid portion. The valve portion has a sleeve and a valve body. The solenoid portion includes a tubular coil portion, a magnetic yoke having a side surface portion and a bottom portion, a columnar plunger, a shaft, a stator core having a core shaft hole for sliding the plunger in the axial direction, and a base portion having a base shaft hole. In a radial thickness of the sleeve, a thickness of a part corresponding to an end outer peripheral surface is smaller than a thickness of a sliding portion of an inner peripheral surface of the sleeve, which is a portion on which the valve body slides.

There is a substrate transfer apparatus comprising: a circular tube having a tube axis extending in a lateral direction and having a transfer region for a substrate in the circular tube; a magnetic field generating portion having a magnetic field generating surface facing the transfer region and configured to generate a magnetic field on the magnetic field generating surface; and a transfer body configured to transfer the substrate while moving in a plane direction of the magnetic field generating surface in a state that the transfer body is distant from the magnetic field generating surface by the magnetic field.

Systems and methods for optimizing the application of pulse width modulation (PWM) in a voltage signal for delivering a current in a valve used to alternatively deliver pressurized gas to and vent from chambers in a vitrectomy probe used to drive a cutter.

Systems and methods for optimizing the application of pulse width modulation (PWM) in a voltage signal for delivering a current in a valve used to alternatively deliver pressurized gas to and vent from chambers in a vitrectomy probe used to drive a cutter.

An electromagnetic actuator including a soft-ferromagnetic yoke is described. The electromagnetic actuator includes, an at least substantially cylindrical circumferential wall covered at a first end with a base and at a second end with a top, the circumferential wall defining an axis in a direction from the base end to the top. An intermediate yoke section holds a permanent magnet fixed that leaves an inner space housing an axially movable core element being flexibly restrained with at least one resilient element. One of a base yoke section and/or a top yoke section houses an electromagnetic coil.

An electromagnetic actuator including a soft-ferromagnetic yoke is described. The electromagnetic actuator includes, an at least substantially cylindrical circumferential wall covered at a first end with a base and at a second end with a top, the circumferential wall defining an axis in a direction from the base end to the top. An intermediate yoke section holds a permanent magnet fixed that leaves an inner space housing an axially movable core element being flexibly restrained with at least one resilient element. One of a base yoke section and/or a top yoke section houses an electromagnetic coil.

A solenoid proportional valve includes a valve body (12) defining an inlet (14) and an outlet (16) for a fluid flow through the valve body, and an armature (22) that is moveable along a longitudinal axis from a first closed position to a second open position to control the flow of fluid through the valve. The valve further includes a flux can (32) and a solenoid coil (30) positioned within the flux can. When the solenoid coil is energized, a magnetic field causes the armature to move away from the first position against the valve body, thereby opening the valve. The valve further includes a flux washer (28) that acts as a spring pivot for a spring (26) having an outer edge that is secured by the flux washer. When the solenoid coil is energized, the magnetic field causes the armature to move away from the first position against the spring force of the spring, thereby opening the valve.

An adjustable solenoid assembly with an adjustable threaded pole having an interference fit section to be used with a complementary threaded receiver (e.g., the bore of the top plate) with an interference fit section. The adjustable threaded sections are used to pull or push the interference fit sections together and allow for precise locating of the interference fit sections and adjustment. The threaded pole may be used to set and maintain a precision working air gap between the pole piece and the plunger of the electromagnetic solenoid assembly. The interference fit holds the pole piece into location while still allowing the solenoid to be adjustable without a loss in flux density.

An optical shutter apparatus has a baseplate that defines an aperture in a plane and that has at least first and second tabs that extend outward from the plane. At least a first linear actuator is coupled to the first tab and drives a magnetic shaft between the first and second tabs according to an electrical signal. A shutter blade is coupled to the magnetic shaft and is linearly translatable along a translation path in the direction of the plane between a first and a second position, wherein the shutter blade blocks at least a first portion of the aperture in the first position and unblocks the first portion of the aperture in the second position.