A capacitor, and method for making the capacitor, is provided with improved charging characteristics. The capacitor has an anode, a cathode comprising a conductive polymer layer and a work function modifier layer adjacent the conductive polymer layer and a dielectric layer between the anode and the cathode.

A capacitor, and method for making the capacitor, is provided with improved charging characteristics. The capacitor has an anode, a cathode comprising a conductive polymer layer and a work function modifier layer adjacent the conductive polymer layer and a dielectric layer between the anode and the cathode.

A solid electrolyte capacitor includes a bottomed cylindrical housing having a bottom surface portion, a side surface portion raised from the bottom surface portion and an opening portion formed on an end portion of the side surface portion; a capacitor element housed in the inside of the housing, the capacitor element being formed by winding an anode foil and a cathode foil in an overlapping state with a separator interposed therebetween and by filling a solid electrolyte between the anode foil and the cathode foil; and a sealing member sealing the opening portion of the housing in a state where the capacitor element is housed in the inside of the housing, wherein an oxide film repairing body made of a hydrophilic synthetic resin is disposed at least one of between the bottom surface portion and the capacitor element of the housing and between the capacitor element and the sealing member.

A solid electrolyte capacitor includes a bottomed cylindrical housing having a bottom surface portion, a side surface portion raised from the bottom surface portion and an opening portion formed on an end portion of the side surface portion; a capacitor element housed in the inside of the housing, the capacitor element being formed by winding an anode foil and a cathode foil in an overlapping state with a separator interposed therebetween and by filling a solid electrolyte between the anode foil and the cathode foil; and a sealing member sealing the opening portion of the housing in a state where the capacitor element is housed in the inside of the housing, wherein an oxide film repairing body made of a hydrophilic synthetic resin is disposed at least one of between the bottom surface portion and the capacitor element of the housing and between the capacitor element and the sealing member.

The electrolyte includes one or more salts and a silane. The silane has a silicon linked to one or more first substituents that each include a poly(alkylene oxide) moiety or a cyclic carbonate moiety. The silane can be linked to four of the first substituents. Alternately, the silane can be linked to the one or more first substituents and one or more second substituents that each exclude both a poly(alkylene oxide) moiety and a cyclic carbonate moiety.

An improved process for preparing a conductive polymer dispersion is provided as is an improved method for making capacitors using the conductive polymer. The process includes providing a monomer solution and shearing the monomer solution with a rotor-stator mixing system comprising a perforated stator screen having perforations thereby forming droplets of said monomer. The droplets of monomer are then polymerized during shearing to form the conductive polymer dispersion.

An electrolytic capacitor includes wound body, a solid electrolyte layer, and resin layer. Wound body is formed by winding a positive electrode member having a surface with a dielectric film thereon and a negative electrode member. The solid electrolyte layer is formed by impregnating wound body with a dispersion of a conductive polymer or a solution of a conductive polymer, and then drying the dispersion or the solution with which wound body is impregnated. Resin layer covers at least a part of an outer peripheral surface of wound body.

An electrolytic capacitor includes wound body, a solid electrolyte layer, and resin layer. Wound body is formed by winding a positive electrode member having a surface with a dielectric film thereon and a negative electrode member. The solid electrolyte layer is formed by impregnating wound body with a dispersion of a conductive polymer or a solution of a conductive polymer, and then drying the dispersion or the solution with which wound body is impregnated. Resin layer covers at least a part of an outer peripheral surface of wound body.

Na-rich electrolyte compositions provided herein can be used in a variety of devices, such as sodium ionic batteries, capacitors and other electrochemical devices. Na-rich electrolyte compositions provided herein can have a chemical formula of Na.sub.3OX, Na.sub.3SX, Na .sub.(3-δ) M.sub.δ/2OX and Na .sub.(3-δ) M.sub.δ/2SX wherein 0<δ<0.8, wherein X is a monovalent anion selected from fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, H.sup.−, CN.sup.−, BF.sub.4.sup.−, BH.sub.4.sup.−, ClO.sub.4.sup.−, CH.sub.3.sup.−, NO.sub.2.sup.−, NH.sub.2.sup.− and mixtures thereof, and wherein M is a divalent metal selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium, barium, strontium and mixtures thereof. Na-rich electrolyte compositions provided herein can have a chemical formula of Na .sub.(3-δ) M.sub.δ/3OX and/or Na .sub.(3-δ) M.sub.δ/3SX; wherein 0<δ<0.5, wherein M is a trivalent cation M.sup.3, and wherein X is selected from fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, H.sup.−, CN.sup.−, BF.sub.4.sup.−, BH.sub.4.sup.−, ClO.sub.4.sup.−, CH.sub.3.sup.−, NO.sub.2.sup.−, NH.sup.2− and mixtures thereof. Synthesis and processing methods of NaRAP compositions for battery, capacitor, and other electrochemical applications are also provided.

A solid electrolytic capacitor that comprises a sintered porous anode, a dielectric layer that overlies the anode body, and a solid electrolyte overlying the dielectric layer is provided. The solid electrolyte comprises a conductive polymer and a nonionic surfactant having a hydrophilic/lipophilic balance (“HLB”) of from about 10 to about 20 and a molecular weight of from about 100 to about 10,000 grams per mole. The nonionic surfactant has a hydrophobic base and a hydrophilic chain that contains alkoxy moieties.