Provided is a capacitor, and more preferably a hybrid capacitor, and a method of making the capacitor. The capacitor comprises an anode, with a dielectric on the anode, and a cathode with a barrier layer on the cathode. A separator, conductive polymer, liquid electrolyte and stabilizer are between the anode and cathode.

An electrolytic capacitor includes a capacitor element, an exterior body , a first external electrode, and a second external electrode. The capacitor element includes an anode body that is electrically connected to the first external electrode and has a porous part on a surface thereof, a dielectric layer that is disposed on a surface of at least a part of the porous part, and a solid electrolyte layer that covers at least a part of the dielectric layer, and is electrically connected to the second external electrode. The exterior body has a first principal surface, a second principal surface intersecting the first principal surface, a third principal surface opposite to the first principal surface, and a fourth principal surface opposite to the second principal surface. The first external electrode and the second external electrode are disposed along the first principal surface of the exterior body to be separated from each other.

An electrolytic capacitor includes a capacitor element, an exterior body , a first external electrode, and a second external electrode. The capacitor element includes an anode body that is electrically connected to the first external electrode and has a porous part on a surface thereof, a dielectric layer that is disposed on a surface of at least a part of the porous part, and a solid electrolyte layer that covers at least a part of the dielectric layer, and is electrically connected to the second external electrode. The exterior body has a first principal surface, a second principal surface intersecting the first principal surface, a third principal surface opposite to the first principal surface, and a fourth principal surface opposite to the second principal surface. The first external electrode and the second external electrode are disposed along the first principal surface of the exterior body to be separated from each other.

A solid electrolytic capacitor that includes: a valve-action metal substrate including a porous portion at a surface thereof; a dielectric layer on the porous portion; a solid electrolyte layer on the dielectric layer; a conductive layer on the solid electrolyte layer; and a cathode lead-out layer on the conductive layer. When viewed in a thickness direction, the solid electrolyte layer includes a central region at a center of the solid electrolyte layer and a peripheral region surrounding the central region and defining outer edges of the solid electrolyte layer. The peripheral region is higher than the central region in the thickness direction as measured from a reference surface including a highest point of the porous portion in the thickness direction and perpendicular to the thickness direction. The conductive layer is at least on the central region of the solid electrolyte layer.

A method for forming a solid electrolytic capacitor that includes an anode containing a valve metal composition, a dielectric overlying the anode, and a solid electrolyte overlying the dielectric is provided. The method comprises forming the dielectric by a process that includes placing the anode into contact with an electrolyte containing an ionic liquid and a valve metal salt and applying a potential difference between the anode and a counter electrode to form a dielectric oxide layer.

A method for forming a solid electrolytic capacitor that includes an anode containing a valve metal composition, a dielectric overlying the anode, and a solid electrolyte overlying the dielectric is provided. The method comprises forming the dielectric by a process that includes placing the anode into contact with an electrolyte containing an ionic liquid and a valve metal salt and applying a potential difference between the anode and a counter electrode to form a dielectric oxide layer.

An improved capacitor, and method of making the capacitor, is described. The capacitor comprises an upper reinforced encapsulant layer and a lower reinforced encapsulant layer with

a capacitive element between the upper reinforced encapsulant layer and lower reinforced encapsulant layer. The capacitive element comprises an anode, a dielectric on the anode and a cathode on the dielectric. An internal reinforced encapsulant layer is between the upper reinforced encapsulant layer and lower reinforced encapsulant layer.

An improved capacitor, and method of making the capacitor, is described. The capacitor comprises an upper reinforced encapsulant layer and a lower reinforced encapsulant layer with

a capacitive element between the upper reinforced encapsulant layer and lower reinforced encapsulant layer. The capacitive element comprises an anode, a dielectric on the anode and a cathode on the dielectric. An internal reinforced encapsulant layer is between the upper reinforced encapsulant layer and lower reinforced encapsulant layer.

A multicomponent conductive adhesive barrier includes an adhesive layer and a conductive barrier. The adhesive layer includes a doped pressure-sensitive adhesive and the conductive barrier layer is a carbon or metal-based material. A photoelectrode structure includes a substrate, a photoabsorbing layer, a multicomponent conductive adhesive barrier, and an electrocatalyst. A method for fabricating the photoelectrode structure includes applying a photoabsorbing layer to a substrate, preparing an adhesive layer, and forming a multicomponent conductive adhesive barrier by applying a conductive barrier layer to the adhesive layer.

A capacitor array that includes a plurality of solid electrolytic capacitor elements each of which has a first main surface and a second main surface facing each other in a thickness direction and includes an anode plate made of a valve action metal, a porous layer on at least one surface of the anode plate, a dielectric layer on a surface of the porous layer, and a cathode layer on a surface of the dielectric layer and including a solid electrolyte layer; a first sealing layer in a sheet-like shape and covering the first main surface of the plurality of solid electrolytic capacitor elements; and a second sealing layer in a sheet-like shape and covering the second main surface of the plurality of solid electrolytic capacitor elements.