The invention relates to the use of halogenated histidine derivatives as electrolyte salts in the preparation of an electrolyte composition in a photoelectrochemical cell based on the sensitization to light of photoactive molecules, and also to a photoelectrochemical cell based on the sensitization to light of photoactive molecules comprising an electrolyte composition comprising at least one halogenated histidine derivative as electrolyte salt.

A transparent electrode with a transparent substrate and a composite layer disposed thereon, wherein the composite layer includes a graphene layer and a plurality of nanoparticles, wherein the nanoparticles are embedded in the graphene layer and extend through a thickness of the graphene layer, and wherein the plurality of nanoparticles are in direct contact with the transparent substrate and a gap is present between the graphene layer and the transparent substrate.

A fabrication method for a flexible bifacial dye-sensitized solar cell is described. The method involves forming a flexible counter electrode of crystalline Pt nanoparticles on a first conductive layer by irradiating a precursor solution with a UV lamp. A flexible photoanode is formed by applying metal oxide particles to a second conductive layer, and then the solar cell is constructed by sandwiching an electrolyte between the counter electrode and photoanode.

A transparent electrode with a transparent substrate and a composite layer disposed thereon, wherein the composite layer includes a graphene layer and a plurality of nanoparticles, wherein the nanoparticles are embedded in the graphene layer and extend through a thickness of the graphene layer, and wherein the plurality of nanoparticles are in direct contact with the transparent substrate and a gap is present between the graphene layer and the transparent substrate.

The present invention disclosed a squaraine dye of formula (I) and process for the preparation thereof. Further, the present invention disclosed to an electronic device comprising dye of formula (I).

A composition that can form a photoelectric conversion layer having an excellent adhesion to a substrate is provided without a sintering step. The composition comprises at least a semiconductor (e.g., a titanium oxide particle) and an ionic polymer (e.g., a fluorine-series resin having a sulfo group), and the ratio of the ionic polymer relative to 1 part by weight of the semiconductor is 0.1 to 30 parts by weight. The composition may further contain a dye (a sensitizing dye). The photoelectrically convertible layer can be formed by coating a conductive substrate with the composition without sintering the semiconductor.

The nitrogen battery of the present disclosure includes a positive electrode that uses nitrogen as a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode, and an ion conducting medium that contains a silane compound and conducts alkali metal ions.

A transparent electrode with a transparent substrate and a composite layer disposed thereon, wherein the composite layer includes a graphene layer and a plurality of nanoparticles, wherein the nanoparticles are embedded in the graphene layer and extend through a thickness of the graphene layer, and wherein the plurality of nanoparticles are in direct contact with the transparent substrate and a gap is present between the graphene layer and the transparent substrate.

An electrochemical reaction device includes: an electrolytic solution tank including a first storage part storing a first electrolytic solution and a second storage part storing a second electrolytic solution; a reduction electrode immersed in the first electrolytic solution; and an oxidation electrode immersed in the second electrolytic solution. The second electrolytic solution contains a substance to be oxidized. The first electrolytic solution has a first liquid phase containing water and a second liquid phase containing an organic solvent and being in contact with the first liquid phase. At least one liquid phase of the first liquid phase or the second liquid phase contains a substance to be reduced and is in contact with the reduction electrode.

A dye-sensitized solar cell 10 includes: an electrode 11; a counter electrode 12 disposed facing the electrode 11; an electrolyte layer 16 sandwiched between the electrode 11 and the counter electrode 12; and a power generation layer 15 provided on a surface of a counter electrode 12 side of the electrode 11 and formed of oxide semiconductor particles 13 supporting a sensitizing dye 14, wherein the electrolyte layer 16 includes a matrix, with an electrolyte dispersed therein, of a polymer compound existing in a solid state at ordinary temperature and pressure.