As an electrode for a power storage device, an electrode including a current collector, a first active material layer over the current collector, and a second active material layer that is over the first active material layer and includes a particle containing niobium oxide and a granular active material is used, whereby the charge-discharge cycle characteristics and rate characteristics of the power storage device can be improved. Moreover, contact between the granular active material and the particle containing niobium oxide makes the granular active material physically fixed; accordingly, deterioration due to expansion and contraction of the active material which occur along with charge and discharge of the power storage device, such as powdering of the active material or its separation from the current collector, can be suppressed.

A capacitor electrode includes a collector, and an electrode layer disposed in contact with the collector and capable of inserting and releasing cations. The electrode layer includes first carbon material particles capable of inserting and releasing cations and second carbon material particles capable of inserting and releasing cations. The average particle diameter of primary particles of the second carbon material particles is smaller than the average particle diameter of primary particles of the first carbon material particles. In the electrode layer, the content amount of the second carbon material particles is smaller than the content amount of the first carbon material particles.

A capacitor electrode includes a conductive base member and an electrode part electrically connected to the base member. The electrode part contains carbon particles of a first carbon material capable of adsorbing and desorbing ions. The electrode part further contains voids including first voids with diameters of not less than 0.2 μm and not more than 1.0 μm, and second voids with diameters of not less than 0.05 μm and less than 0.2 μm. The value of (V.sub.A×V.sub.A)/(V.sub.B×M) is greater than 0.022, where V.sub.A is the sum of the volumes of the first voids, V.sub.B is the sum of the volumes of the second voids, and M is the volume of the electrode part per unit weight of the electrode part.

An ultracapacitor that contains a first electrode, second electrode, separator, nonaqueous electrolyte, and housing is provided. The first electrode comprises a first current collector electrically coupled to a first carbonaceous coating and the second electrode comprises a second current collector electrically coupled to a second carbonaceous coating. The nonaqueous electrolyte is in ionic contact with the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the nonaqueous electrolyte contains an ionic liquid that is dissolved in a nonaqueous solvent at a concentration of about 1.0 mole per liter or more. The nonaqueous solvent has a boiling temperature of about 150° C. or more.

An electric storage device includes an electrolyte and an electric storage unit including a positive electrode including a positive-electrode collector electrode and a positive-electrode active-material layer disposed on the positive-electrode collector electrode; a negative electrode including a negative-electrode collector electrode and a negative-electrode active-material layer disposed on the negative-electrode collector electrode and facing the positive-electrode active-material layer; a first insulating layer bonded to the positive electrode and the negative electrode to isolate the positive electrode and the negative electrode from each other; and a region that is sealed with the first insulating layer in plan view and that holds the electrolyte between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, wherein an air permeability P of the first insulating layer satisfies the formula 1250 s/100 cc<P<95000 s/100 cc.

An electric storage device includes an electrolyte and an electric storage unit including a positive electrode including a positive-electrode collector electrode and a positive-electrode active-material layer disposed on the positive-electrode collector electrode; a negative electrode including a negative-electrode collector electrode and a negative-electrode active-material layer disposed on the negative-electrode collector electrode and facing the positive-electrode active-material layer; a first insulating layer bonded to the positive electrode and the negative electrode to isolate the positive electrode and the negative electrode from each other; and a region that is sealed with the first insulating layer in plan view and that holds the electrolyte between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, wherein an air permeability P of the first insulating layer satisfies the formula 1250 s/100 cc<P<95000 s/100 cc.

Provided are an electrode capable of maintaining electrical conductivity during elongation and shrinkage, a method for manufacturing the same, and electrochemical device including the same.

Provided is a bi-polar electrode for a battery, wherein the bi-polar electrode comprises: (a) a current collector comprising a conductive material foil (e.g. metal foil) having a thickness from 10 nm to 100 μm and two opposed, parallel primary surfaces, wherein one or both of the primary surfaces is coated with a layer of graphene material having a thickness from 10 nm to 10 μm; and (b) a negative electrode layer and a positive electrode layer respectively disposed on the two sides of the current collector, each in physical contact with the layer of graphene material or directly with a primary surface of the conductive material foil (if not coated with a graphene material layer). Also provided is a battery comprising multiple (e.g. 2-300) bipolar electrodes internally connected in series. There can be multiple bi-polar electrodes that are connected in parallel.

Provided is a bi-polar electrode for a battery, wherein the bi-polar electrode comprises: (a) a current collector comprising a conductive material foil (e.g. metal foil) having a thickness from 10 nm to 100 μm and two opposed, parallel primary surfaces, wherein one or both of the primary surfaces is coated with a layer of graphene material having a thickness from 10 nm to 10 μm; and (b) a negative electrode layer and a positive electrode layer respectively disposed on the two sides of the current collector, each in physical contact with the layer of graphene material or directly with a primary surface of the conductive material foil (if not coated with a graphene material layer). Also provided is a battery comprising multiple (e.g. 2-300) bipolar electrodes internally connected in series. There can be multiple bi-polar electrodes that are connected in parallel.

Current collector, an electrode structure, a non-aqueous electrolyte battery, and an electrical storage device having superior shut down function are provided. According to the present invention, a current collector having a resin layer on at least one side of a conductive substrate is provided. Here, thermoplastic resin particles substantially free of a conductive agent are dispersed in a thermosetting resin base material containing the conductive agent to structure the resin layer; a value of mass ratio given by (thermoplastic resin particles)/(conductive agent) is 0.3 to 1.5; and a value given by (average thickness of conductive agent)/(average thickness of thermoplastic resin particles) is 0.3 to 4.0.