Ultra-thin lithium ion capacitors with ultra-high power performance are provided. Ultra-thin electrodes and ultra-thin lithium films can be used for the ultra-thin lithium ion capacitor. A lithium ion capacitor can include a first positive electrode and a second positive electrode, a negative electrode disposed between the first positive electrode and the second positive electrode, a first lithium film disposed between the first positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a second lithium film disposed between the second positive electrode and the negative electrode. Each of the first and second lithium films can include an electrolyte. In addition, at least one separator can be provided between the first positive electrode and the first lithium film, and at least one separator can be provided between the second positive electrode and the second lithium film.

A logging system and method for operating a logging system are typically used in a wellbore. The logging system may include a logging instrument including a rechargeable energy storage and logging electronics, and a cable configured to trickle charge the rechargeable energy storage. The rechargeable energy storage may include an ultracapacitor. The rechargeable energy storage may be trickle charged through the cable from a remote power source.

A meta-material is disclosed that includes a first layer composed of graphene, and one or more additional layers, each composed of glassy carbon or graphene. A method of producing an engineered material includes depositing a graphene precursor on a substrate, pyrolyzing the graphene precursor to allow the formation of graphene, depositing a glassy carbon precursor the graphene, pyrolyzing to allow the formation of glassy carbon from the glassy carbon precursor, depositing a graphene precursor on the glassy carbon, and pyrolyzing the graphene precursor to allow the formation of graphene.

A meta-material is disclosed that includes a first layer composed of graphene, and one or more additional layers, each composed of glassy carbon or graphene. A method of producing an engineered material includes depositing a graphene precursor on a substrate, pyrolyzing the graphene precursor to allow the formation of graphene, depositing a glassy carbon precursor the graphene, pyrolyzing to allow the formation of glassy carbon from the glassy carbon precursor, depositing a graphene precursor on the glassy carbon, and pyrolyzing the graphene precursor to allow the formation of graphene.

An energy storage device includes a negative electrode having a negative active material layer containing amorphous carbon as an active material, a curve attained by determining a rate of change (dQ/dV) in a potential (V) of the amorphous carbon in a discharge capacity (Q) of the amorphous carbon per unit quantity based on a result attained by measuring the potential (V) with respect to the discharge capacity (Q) and representing the rate of change (dQ/dV) with respect to the potential (V) has one or more peaks in a range in which the potential of the amorphous carbon is 0.8 V or more and 1.5 V or less, and a potential of the negative electrode at time of full charge is 0.25 V or more with respect to a lithium potential.

An aspect of the present invention is an energy storage device including: an electrode assembly obtained by winding a band-shaped positive electrode including a positive active material layer, a band-shaped negative electrode including a negative active material layer, and a band-shaped separator in the longitudinal direction; an electrolyte solution; and a case that houses the electrode assembly and the electrolyte solution, where at least one of the positive active material layer and the negative active material layer contains a hollow active material particle, the winding axis of the electrode assembly is located parallel to the horizontal direction, at least a central part of the electrode assembly is pressed with the case pressed, an excess electrolyte solution that is a part of the electrolyte solution is present between the electrode assembly and the case, the lower end of the electrode assembly has contact with the excess electrolyte solution, and the relationship between the height H from the liquid level of the excess electrolyte solution to the upper end of the electrode assembly and the width We of the positive active material layer satisfies the following formula 1:

0.8H≤Wc≤2.0H  1

An implantable medical device contains a hermetic battery. The hermetic battery contains a hermetically sealed battery housing defining an internal chamber, an electrochemical cell disposed within the internal chamber, and an electronic module disposed within the internal chamber. The electronic module is electrically conductively connected to the electrochemical cell, and the electronic module is arranged in the electrochemical cell.

An implantable medical device contains a hermetic battery. The hermetic battery contains a hermetically sealed battery housing defining an internal chamber, an electrochemical cell disposed within the internal chamber, and an electronic module disposed within the internal chamber. The electronic module is electrically conductively connected to the electrochemical cell, and the electronic module is arranged in the electrochemical cell.

Disclosed herein are dendritically porous three-dimensional structures, including hierarchical dendritically porous three-dimensional structures. The structures include metal foams and graphite structures, and are useful in energy storage devices as well as chemical catalysis.

An embodiment is directed to a separator with a ceramic-comprising separator layer. The ceramic-comprising separator layer comprises porous metal oxide fibers with diameters in the range from around 3 nm to around 2 microns, aspect ratios in the range from around 20 to around 100,000, and a total open pore volume among the porous metal oxide fibers in the range from around 0.01 cm.sup.3/g to around 1 cm.sup.3/g.