A system includes a first group of cassettes, each cassette including a first stationary bar, a first plurality of fixed contact members, and a first plurality of movable contact members, each of which is electrically coupled and rotatably connected to the first stationary bar and configured to contact one of the first plurality of fixed contact members. The system includes a second group of cassettes each including a second stationary bar, a second plurality of fixed contact members, and a second plurality of movable contact members, each of which is electrically coupled and rotatably connected to the second stationary bar and configured to contact one of the second plurality of fixed contact members. The system includes at least one operating mechanism to control opening and closing of the movable contact members. The first stationary bar is coupled to the second stationary bar.

A power apparatus, power assembly, energy assembly or energy apparatus that stores and disperses energy, the power assembly including: (1) a first and second energy object that experiences movement so as to store kinetic energy in the energy object, the energy object including a magnet assembly through which electrons are driven resulting in electric output from the magnet assembly, and the electric output dependent on experienced EMF (electro-motive force) that is experienced by the magnet assembly. The power assembly can include a switch assembly adapted to perform switching to switch between a first arrangement in which the first positive output is connected to the second positive output, and a second arrangement in which the first positive output is connected to the first negative output, and such second arrangement provides increased energy output relative to the first arrangement. A flip assembly can be provided that performs flipping of output energy.

A power apparatus, power assembly, energy assembly or energy apparatus that stores and disperses energy, the power assembly including: (1) a first and second energy object that experiences movement so as to store kinetic energy in the energy object, the energy object including a magnet assembly through which electrons are driven resulting in electric output from the magnet assembly, and the electric output dependent on experienced EMF (electro-motive force) that is experienced by the magnet assembly. The power assembly can include a switch assembly adapted to perform switching to switch between a first arrangement in which the first positive output is connected to the second positive output, and a second arrangement in which the first positive output is connected to the first negative output, and such second arrangement provides increased energy output relative to the first arrangement. A flip assembly can be provided that performs flipping of output energy.

An electrical contact system includes a pair of static contacts, a rotatable member disposed between the static contacts and rotatable about a rotation axis between a first position and a second position, and a movable contact mounted on and rotated with the rotatable member. A pair of opposite ends of the movable contact are in electrical contact with the static contacts when the rotatable member is rotated to the first position. The ends of the movable contact are separated from the static contacts when the rotatable member is rotated to the second position. The movable contact has a Z-shape and is slidably mounted on the rotatable member. The movable contact slides under a pushing force from a first static contact of the static contacts toward a second static contact of the static contacts to be in electrical contact with the second static contact.

An electrical contact system includes a pair of static contacts, a rotatable member disposed between the static contacts and rotatable about a rotation axis between a first position and a second position, and a movable contact mounted on and rotated with the rotatable member. A pair of opposite ends of the movable contact are in electrical contact with the static contacts when the rotatable member is rotated to the first position. The ends of the movable contact are separated from the static contacts when the rotatable member is rotated to the second position. The movable contact has a Z-shape and is slidably mounted on the rotatable member. The movable contact slides under a pushing force from a first static contact of the static contacts toward a second static contact of the static contacts to be in electrical contact with the second static contact.

A heat destructive disconnecting switch, comprises a first conductive member, a second conductive member, a movable conductive member, an overheating destructive member, an operating component, and a second elastic member. The movable conductive member conducts electricity to the first conductive member and the second conductive member. A first elastic member and the second elastic member act on an operating member. The first elastic member is compressed and provided with a first elastic force, and the second elastic member is provided with a second elastic force. When the overheating destructive member is destructed due to overheating, the first elastic force is diminished or vanishes, causing the second elastic force to be larger than the first elastic force. Consequently, the movable conductive member disconnects the current conducting state between the first conductive member and the second conductive member, thereby achieving a protective effect from overheating.

An electronic module is provided including a circuit board defining a longitudinal axis and having a first surface and a second surface. A module housing is provided having a bottom surface and side walls extending from the bottom surface to form an open face through which the circuit board is received. Power switches configured as an inverter circuit to drive an electric motor are mounted on the second surface of the circuit board facing the bottom surface of the module housing, and a series of heat sinks are discretely mounted on the first surface of the circuit board facing the open face opposite the power switches. Potting material is disposed in the distance between the circuit board and the bottom surface of the module housing to cover the power switches. Thermal vias are disposed through the circuit board between corresponding ones of the heat sinks and the power switches.

An electronic module is provided including power switches mounted on a circuit board and configured as an inverter circuit for an electric motor. A sliding member is coupled to an actuator. A power contact switch is provided including a first conductive body, a second conductive body, and a contact switch. The first and second conductive bodies are mounted on a first surface of the circuit board and include pins received through through-holes of the circuit board to make electrical contact with two conductive tracks on a second surface of the circuit board. The contact switch pivotably is secured to the first conductive body and pivotably moveable by the sliding member to make contact with the second conductive body with movement of the actuator. A flyback diode is electrically connected between the first and second conductive track on the second surface of the circuit board parallel to the power contact switch.

A control system is designed to control an interrupter. The interrupter is started by a startup current to interrupt a main electric circuit. The startup current flows through an auxiliary electric circuit and has a current valve equal to or greater than a predetermined value. The control system includes a driving unit and a driven unit. The driving unit includes an intermediate electrical path to be connected to the main electric circuit. The driven unit is to be connected to the auxiliary electric circuit. When an abnormal current having a current value equal to or greater than a prescribed value flows through the intermediate electrical path, the driving unit uses, as a drive source for driving the driven unit, the abnormal current flowing through the intermediate electrical path. The driven unit supplies the auxiliary electric circuit with the startup current by being driven by the driving unit.

A solid-state circuit breaker configured to turn off electronics before a pair of opposing primary main contacts are opened. The solid-state circuit breaker includes a main mechanism including a pair of opposing primary main contacts. The solid-state circuit breaker further includes electronics including semiconductors and software algorithms that control the power and can interrupt currents. The solid-state circuit breaker further includes a switching system including a secondary switch that is configured to be actuated prior to opening of the primary main contacts. The secondary switch is configured to turn off the power to the electronics of the solid-state circuit breaker before the primary main contacts are opened to eliminate or reduce electrical arcing across the primary main contacts.