Systems, apparatuses, and methods are described for electrical switching. In some examples, electrical switching is performed by a plurality of switching arrangements. The plurality of switching arrangements may be connected in parallel to one another.

An intelligent switch for automotive application. In particular, a resettable and/or programmable fuse comprising at least one inlet, at least one outlet, and a switch circuit electrically connecting the at least one inlet and the at least one outlet. In order to provide an intelligent switch for automotive applications that provides more than one switching function, the switch circuit comprises at least two switching submodules selected from an electromechanical switching submodule and an electric switching submodule. The intelligent switch further comprises a control unit for controlling an operating state of the at least two switching submodules.

The present disclosure relates to a shared transfer switching system with built in relay testing ability, for transferring power received by a load from a preferred AC power source to an alternate AC power source, or transferring power being received by the load from the alternate AC power source to the preferred AC power source. The system selectively controls various ones of the relays used to apply power from either the preferred or alternate power sources to the load, such that the relays are switched from open to closed states at controlled times, while voltage measurements are made at select locations between the relays. The system can identify which specific ones of a plurality of relays associated with each of the preferred and alternate power sources has properly opened and closed, and thus verify that all of the relays needed to switch between the preferred and alternate power sources are operating properly.

A low-voltage protective switching device includes: at least one outer conductor path from an outer conductor supply terminal of the low-voltage protective switching device to an outer conductor load terminal of the low-voltage protective switching device; a neutral conductor path from a neutral conductor terminal of the low-voltage protective switching device to a neutral conductor load terminal of the low-voltage protective switching device; a mechanical bypass switch disposed in the outer conductor path; a first semiconductor circuit arrangement of the low-voltage protective switching device connected parallel to the mechanical bypass switch; an electronic control unit; a current measuring arrangement disposed in the outer conductor path, the current measuring arrangement being connected with the electronic control unit; and a first mechanical disconnecting switch disposed in series to the first semiconductor circuit arrangement and in parallel to the mechanical bypass switch. The electronic control controls the mechanical bypass switch.

A power contact fault clearing device includes a first pair of terminals adapted to be connected across a first set of switchable contacts, and a second pair of terminals adapted to be connected across a second set of switchable contacts. The second set of switchable contacts coupled to an arc suppressor. A current sensor is adapted to be connected between a power load and the second set of switchable contacts. The current sensor is configured to measure a power load current associated with the power load. A controller circuit is operatively coupled to the current sensor and the first and second pairs of terminals. The controller circuit is configured to detect a fault condition based at least on the power load current, and sequence deactivation of the first set of switchable contacts and the second set of switchable contacts based on the detected fault condition.

A circuit breaker includes: at least one external conductor section from an external conductor supply connection in the circuit breaker to an external conductor load connection in the circuit breaker; and a neutral conductor section from a neutral conductor connection in the circuit breaker to a neutral conductor connection in the circuit breaker. The at least one external conductor section includes a mechanical bypass switch and a first mechanical isolating switch which are serially arranged. A second mechanical isolating switch is arranged in the neutral conductor section. A semiconductor circuit arrangement in the circuit breaker is connected in parallel to the bypass switch. A current measuring device is arranged in the at least one external conductor section that is linked to an electronic control unit in the circuit breaker. The electronic control unit operates the bypass switch, the first and second mechanical isolating switches, and the semiconductor circuit arrangement.

A low-voltage circuit breaker includes: at least one external conductor section of an external conductor power terminal of the low-voltage circuit breaker connected to an external conductor load terminal of the low-voltage circuit breaker; and a neutral conductor section of a neutral conductor connection of the low-voltage circuit breaker connected to a neutral conductor load terminal of the low-voltage circuit breaker. A mechanical bypass switch is arranged in the at least one external conductor section. A semiconductor circuit arrangement of the low-voltage circuit breaker is switched parallel to the bypass switch. A first current measuring arrangement is arranged in the at least one external conductor section, which is connected to an electronic control unit of the low-voltage circuit breaker. The electronic control unit is configured to actuate the bypass switch and the semiconductor circuit arrangement when a prespecifiable overcurrent is detected by the current measuring arrangement.

The present disclosure relates to direct current arc extinguishing circuit and apparatus. The direct current arc extinguishing circuit and apparatus are suitable for quickly extinguishing arc of mechanical contacts such as mechanical switches, where a mechanical switch requiring arc extinguishing is connected with a load in series. It includes a voltage detection switch and a capacitor, wherein the voltage detection switch is connected with the capacitor. During the breaking of the mechanical switch, the capacitor forms a discharge loop by the voltage detection switch and the load, and is used for breaking arc extinguishing of the mechanical switch. The present disclosure is reasonable in design and has the advantages of low cost and high arc extinguishing speed.

Solid state and hybrid circuit protection devices include improved arc-less switching capability and overcurrent protection, improved terminal assemblies and improved thermal management features that reduce or eliminate ignition sources for hazardous environments. The solid state and hybrid circuit protection devices are ignition protected and avoid possible explosions and therefore obviate a need for conventional explosion-proof enclosures to ensure safe operation of an electrical power system in a hazardous location.

A circuit breaker includes: at least one external conductor section from an external conductor supply terminal of the circuit breaker to an external conductor load terminal of the circuit breaker; and one neutral conductor section from a neutral conductor terminal of the circuit breaker to a neutral conductor load terminal of the circuit breaker. A mechanical bypass switch is arranged in the at least one external conductor section. A semiconductor circuit arrangement of the circuit breaker, which semiconductor circuit arrangement comprises a four-quadrant switch, is connected in parallel with the bypass switch. A current measuring arrangement is arranged in the at least one external conductor section and is connected to an electronic control unit of the circuit breaker. The electronic control unit is configured to operate the bypass switch and the semiconductor circuit arrangement in a prespecifiable manner. A voltage-dependent resistor is arranged in parallel with the bypass switch.