Systems and methods for a hack-proof security keyboard are described. In some embodiments, a keyboard module may include a first circuit configured to detect activation of a plurality of keys and a second circuit configured to detect activation of a subset of the plurality of keys, where the second circuit overlies the first circuit. In other embodiments, a method may include detecting an electrical signal received from a secondary membrane of a keyboard, where the keyboard includes a primary membrane configured to detect individual activation of any of a plurality of keys, and where the secondary membrane is configured to output the electrical signal in response to concurrent activation of a subset of the plurality of keys. The method may also include performing a selected action in response to the detection.

A key switch includes a movable part configured to be moved by a pressing operation, a support mechanism that movably supports the movable part, an electrical connector including multiple pairs of contacts of upper electrodes and lower electrodes, and a disc spring that is disposed between the movable part and the electrical connector and configured to be elastically deformed by movement of the movable part and to press the electrical connector. The multiple pairs of contacts are provided for one movable part. When the disc spring is deformed by the movement of the movable part, the disc spring is configured to simultaneously press the multiple pairs of contacts provided for the corresponding movable part.

A key switch includes a movable part configured to be moved by a pressing operation, a support mechanism that movably supports the movable part, an electrical connector including multiple pairs of contacts of upper electrodes and lower electrodes, and a disc spring that is disposed between the movable part and the electrical connector and configured to be elastically deformed by movement of the movable part and to press the electrical connector. The multiple pairs of contacts are provided for one movable part. When the disc spring is deformed by the movement of the movable part, the disc spring is configured to simultaneously press the multiple pairs of contacts provided for the corresponding movable part.

Keyboard assemblies having reduced thicknesses and methods of forming the same. A keyboard assembly may include a printed circuit board (PCB) and a single membrane sheet adhered directly to the PCB. The single membrane sheet may substantially cover the PCB. The keyboard assembly may also include a group of dome switches coupled directly to the single membrane sheet. Another keyboard assembly may include a group of conductive pads and a group of membrane pads. Each of the group of membrane pads may be adhered directly to a corresponding one of the group of conductive pads. The keyboard assembly may also include a group of dome switches coupled directly to the membrane pads. Each of the group of dome switches may be coupled directly to a corresponding one of the group of membrane pads.

Keyboard assemblies having reduced thicknesses and methods of forming the same. A keyboard assembly may include a printed circuit board (PCB) and a single membrane sheet adhered directly to the PCB. The single membrane sheet may substantially cover the PCB. The keyboard assembly may also include a group of dome switches coupled directly to the single membrane sheet. Another keyboard assembly may include a group of conductive pads and a group of membrane pads. Each of the group of membrane pads may be adhered directly to a corresponding one of the group of conductive pads. The keyboard assembly may also include a group of dome switches coupled directly to the membrane pads. Each of the group of dome switches may be coupled directly to a corresponding one of the group of membrane pads.

A keyboard device includes a key, a base plate, a membrane circuit board and a buffering part. The membrane circuit board is disposed on the base plate. The key includes a keycap and a stabilizer bar. The stabilizer bar is connected between the keycap and the base plate. The stabilizer bar includes a main bar part, a first linking part and a first insertion part. The first linking part is connected between the main bar part and the first insertion part. The buffering part is disposed on the base plate or the membrane circuit board and located under the first linking part. While a keycap is moved downwardly relative to the base plate, the linking part of the stabilizer bar is contacted with the buffering part. The contact point between the linking part of the stabilizer bar and the buffering part is used as a fulcrum.

A keyboard device includes a key, a base plate, a membrane circuit board and a buffering part. The membrane circuit board is disposed on the base plate. The key includes a keycap and a stabilizer bar. The stabilizer bar is connected between the keycap and the base plate. The stabilizer bar includes a main bar part, a first linking part and a first insertion part. The first linking part is connected between the main bar part and the first insertion part. The buffering part is disposed on the base plate or the membrane circuit board and located under the first linking part. While a keycap is moved downwardly relative to the base plate, the linking part of the stabilizer bar is contacted with the buffering part. The contact point between the linking part of the stabilizer bar and the buffering part is used as a fulcrum.

An electronic device is provided that uniformalizes (makes uniform) pressing sensitivities of operation switches such as a plurality of immediate output switches. A system includes a PC which is connected to a communication line, and an audio interface device which is connected to the PC and which has an immediate output switch which outputs to the PC a reproduction start command signal of an audio file which is assigned in advance, according to a user operation. A processor of the audio interface device converts an output value of the immediate output switch using a conversion table to a level value among a plurality of levels, and outputs the converted value. The conversion table is a table which converts different output values of the immediate output switch for the same pressing force into the same level value.

An electronic device is provided that uniformalizes (makes uniform) pressing sensitivities of operation switches such as a plurality of immediate output switches. A system includes a PC which is connected to a communication line, and an audio interface device which is connected to the PC and which has an immediate output switch which outputs to the PC a reproduction start command signal of an audio file which is assigned in advance, according to a user operation. A processor of the audio interface device converts an output value of the immediate output switch using a conversion table to a level value among a plurality of levels, and outputs the converted value. The conversion table is a table which converts different output values of the immediate output switch for the same pressing force into the same level value.

A transmission shifter includes a base defining P, R, N, D gear positions; four electrical dome switches associated with each of the P, R, N, D gear positions, and analog and digital circuits operably connected to the electrical switches, respectively, and associated with the P, R, N, D gear positions. The dome switches are arranged in different patterns in each of the different gear positions, and in combination with pushbutton actuators operate with different actuator motions and with different closure distances and forces to cause reliable ad confirmed intentional actuation, including redundancy. The switches are operably connected to analog and digital circuits, which provides additional functional advantage, reliability, and certainty of intentional operation.