A system and method for managing ventilation of a user, through the use of an oral appliance, is disclosed. The appliance is configured to fit between the user's teeth and lips or cheeks to inhibit ventilation by the user around the appliance, and includes a passageway. An airway resistor within the passageway includes an aperture that is sized to allow a metered amount of air flow by the ventilation of the user. A pressure sensor measures an air pressure in the aperture, which measurement is transmitted to an external computer processor to generate feedback data for the user.

A basketball training apparatus includes a shot completion sensor, a condition sensor, and a computer. The shot completion sensor determines whether a shot goes through a basketball hoop. The condition sensor senses a physical condition of a basketball shooter. The computer is in communication with the shot completion sensor and the condition sensor, and has a processor for calculating shot completion percentage as a function of the physical condition.

A plurality of control sequences is stored. A user state is detected. A next control sequence associated with the user is selected from the plurality of control sequences based at least in part on the user state.

Systems and methods relating to evaluating the performance of a person playing basketball are described. The systems and methods can be used to provide an evaluation sequence that can determine and evaluate the performance level of a person at one or more basketball skills. The evaluation sequence for the person can include a first sequence of actions that are the same each person being evaluated for a particular skill and a second sequence of actions that is based on the results of the first sequence and may be different for each person. Once the first and second sequences have been completed by the person, the system can determine a performance level for the person for the skills being evaluated.

An exercise apparatus includes a first cord, a second cord, and an adjustment mechanism. The first cord is pullable from and retractable around a first pulley. The second cord is pullable from and retractable around a second pulley. The adjustment mechanism allows for adjusting a pull-out tension provided by the first cord independently of a retraction tension provided by the first cord. The pull-out tension provided by the first cord is a tension provided by the first cord when the first cord is pulled from the first pulley. The retraction tension provided by the first cord is a tension provided by the first cord when the first cord is retracted around the first pulley.

A foot harness for resistance exercises. The foot harness may comprise: a top strap, a bottom strap, a heel strap, and one or more attachment points. A first end of the top strap, first end of the bottom strap, and first end of the heel strap may be coupled to one another at a first juncture region. A second end of the top strap, second end of the bottom strap, and second end of the heel strap may be coupled to one another at a second juncture region. The top strap may be adapted to engage with an upper portion of a shoe. The bottom strap may be adapted to engage with a bottom portion of the shoe. The heel strap may be adapted to engage with a rear portion of the shoe. The attachment points may be disposed at the first juncture region and the second juncture region.

A plurality of control sequences is stored. A user state is detected. A next control sequence associated with the user is selected from the plurality of control sequences based at least in part on the user state.

A foot harness for resistance exercises. The foot harness may comprise: a top strap, a bottom strap, a heel strap, and one or more attachment points. A first end of the top strap, first end of the bottom strap, and first end of the heel strap may be coupled to one another at a first juncture region. A second end of the top strap, second end of the bottom strap, and second end of the heel strap may be coupled to one another at a second juncture region. The top strap may be adapted to engage with an upper portion of a shoe. The bottom strap may be adapted to engage with a bottom portion of the shoe. The heel strap may be adapted to engage with a rear portion of the shoe. The attachment points may be disposed at the first juncture region and the second juncture region.

A basketball training apparatus includes a shot completion sensor, a condition sensor, and a computer. The shot completion sensor determines whether a shot goes through a basketball hoop. The condition sensor senses a physical condition of a basketball shooter. The computer is in communication with the shot completion sensor and the condition sensor, and has a processor for calculating shot completion percentage as a function of the physical condition.

A positive exhalation pressure device increases the pressure gradient in the airways, thereby increasing oxygen saturation levels and decreasing the severity of hypoxia. Various embodiments of the device may be inserted into the nasal and/or oral cavities, or configured as mask devices covering the nasal and/or oral cavities. In some embodiments, the resistance of the device may be varied.