A movable member is configured to switch, by rotation, between a first state and a second state. In the first state, the movable member presses a plurality of first movable contact pieces to bring first contacts into contact with first substrate side contact points. When the movable member is in the second state, the first contacts are separated from the first substrate side contact points. A coil block includes a coil and causes the movable member to rotate by electromagnetic force generated by energization of the coil. A rotation axis of the movable member is parallel to an axis of the coil. The plurality of first substrate side contact points is arranged side by side in an axial direction of the coil on a first base substrate. The plurality of first movable contact pieces is arranged side by side in the axial direction.

A movable member is configured to switch, by rotation, between a first state and a second state. In the first state, the movable member presses a plurality of first movable contact pieces to bring first contacts into contact with first substrate side contact points. When the movable member is in the second state, the first contacts are separated from the first substrate side contact points. A coil block includes a coil and causes the movable member to rotate by electromagnetic force generated by energization of the coil. A rotation axis of the movable member is parallel to an axis of the coil. The plurality of first substrate side contact points is arranged side by side in an axial direction of the coil on a first base substrate. The plurality of first movable contact pieces is arranged side by side in the axial direction.

An electrical switch includes a coil assembly, an armature rotatable about an axis of rotation and driven by the coil assembly, and a contact assembly having a contact spring directly connected to the armature. The contact spring is a spring pack including a plurality of springs. At least one of the springs of the spring pack is formed of a first material and at least another one of the springs of the spring pack is formed of a second material different from the first material.

An electrical switch includes a coil assembly, an armature rotatable about an axis of rotation and driven by the coil assembly, and a contact assembly having a contact spring directly connected to the armature. The contact spring is a spring pack including a plurality of springs. At least one of the springs of the spring pack is formed of a first material and at least another one of the springs of the spring pack is formed of a second material different from the first material.

An electromagnetic relay includes: a first member integrally including a first horizontal portion to which an armature is fixed, a vertical portion to which a yoke is fixed, a hinge spring connected between the vertical portion and the first horizontal portion, a spring arm including a pair of movable contacts, and a pair of first terminals extended downward from the vertical portion; a second member integrally including a front plate portion extended in front of an electromagnet in a vertical direction, a second horizontal portion including a pair of fixed contacts opposed to the movable contacts, and a pair of second terminals extended downward from the front plate portion; a pair of permanent magnets that sandwich the movable contacts and the fixed contacts in a right-to-left direction and that is not opposed to the electromagnet; and a cover including accommodating portions accommodating the permanent magnets.

An electromagnetic relay includes: a first member integrally including a first horizontal portion to which an armature is fixed, a vertical portion to which a yoke is fixed, a hinge spring connected between the vertical portion and the first horizontal portion, a spring arm including a pair of movable contacts, and a pair of first terminals extended downward from the vertical portion; a second member integrally including a front plate portion extended in front of an electromagnet in a vertical direction, a second horizontal portion including a pair of fixed contacts opposed to the movable contacts, and a pair of second terminals extended downward from the front plate portion; a pair of permanent magnets that sandwich the movable contacts and the fixed contacts in a right-to-left direction and that is not opposed to the electromagnet; and a cover including accommodating portions accommodating the permanent magnets.

A contactor assembly and method for operating the contactor assembly can include a first conductor having a first set of axially extending protrusions and a second conductor having a second set of axially extending protrusions interdigitally arranged with the first set of protrusion. At least a subset of the first set of extending protrusions and at least a subset of the second set of protrusions can be conductively connected.

A contactor assembly and method for operating the contactor assembly can include a first conductor having a first set of axially extending protrusions and a second conductor having a second set of axially extending protrusions interdigitally arranged with the first set of protrusion. At least a subset of the first set of extending protrusions and at least a subset of the second set of protrusions can be conductively connected.

A relay includes a housing, an electric contact system in the housing, an electromagnetic system in the housing, and a magnetic blowing arc-extinguish device. The electric contact system includes a static contact with a static contact portion and a movable contact with a movable contact portion. The electromagnetic system is configured to drive the movable contact to move between a closed position in which the movable contact is in electrical contact with the static contact and an opened position in which the movable contact is separated from the static contact. The magnetic blowing arc-extinguish device includes a permanent magnet statically provided near the static contact and configured to lengthen an electric arc between the static contact portion and the movable contact portion by an electromagnetic force to extinguish the electric arc.

A relay includes a housing, an electric contact system in the housing, an electromagnetic system in the housing, and a magnetic blowing arc-extinguish device. The electric contact system includes a static contact with a static contact portion and a movable contact with a movable contact portion. The electromagnetic system is configured to drive the movable contact to move between a closed position in which the movable contact is in electrical contact with the static contact and an opened position in which the movable contact is separated from the static contact. The magnetic blowing arc-extinguish device includes a permanent magnet statically provided near the static contact and configured to lengthen an electric arc between the static contact portion and the movable contact portion by an electromagnetic force to extinguish the electric arc.