Improved control of electrical power consumption is provided with Smart Dim Fuses (SDF) which can alter their output voltage as provided to the load circuits they are connected to. SDF units can replace conventional circuit breakers in electrical panels. The voltage control capability provided by SDF units can lead to improved control of electrical power consumption, since many loads can smoothly operate at lower power consumption when the voltage they are driven with decreases. SDF units can comply with relevant safety requirements, such as uninterrupted neutral connections between electrical mains and load circuits. SDF units can also provide a current limiting function that can substitute for the protective action of conventional circuit breakers.

A trip mechanism for a fuse includes a trip unit disposed within an elongated housing of the fuse, and a processor. The trip unit includes a fuse element and an actuator for severing the fuse element. The processor is in electrical communication with the trip unit, and is adapted to monitor electrical current. Responsive to the processor detecting a predetermined prescribed electrical current, the processor is adapted to signal the actuator to sever the fuse element. The processor is programmable to selectively adjust the predetermined prescribed electrical current, thereby enabling the fuse to have a plurality different current ratings.

A protector is provided on an electric wire that is connected to first and second in-vehicle devices, and protects the first and second in-vehicle devices from a DC overcurrent that flows bi-directionally through the electric wire. The protector includes a thermal fuse, which is provided at a midpoint of the electric wire, and a current restrictor for restricting a current that flows therethrough, in accordance with the direction in which the current flows through the electric wire, the current restrictor being connected in parallel to the thermal fuse.

A fuse includes an integrated measuring function. In an embodiment, the fuse includes a fuse housing including a first receiving space delimited by a pressure body and a second receiving space spatially separated from the first receiving space. A fusible conductor is mounted in the first receiving space and a measuring device is accommodated and mounted in the second receiving space. The measuring device has a current transformer and an electronic assembly, electrically conductively connected to the current transformer. Viewed in a direction of longitudinal extent, a height of the current transformer essentially corresponds to a height of the second receiving space. With the aid of the measuring device, it is possible to determine the electric current flowing through the fuse in the immediate vicinity of the fuse. Energy required is generated from the primary current of the fuse by electromagnetic induction, meaning no external power source is required.

Systems, methods, and apparatuses are provided for actuating an isolating switch of a fuse. A vehicle may include a fuse comprising a supply input, a component output between which an electronic isolating switch and a fusible conductor are arranged electrically in series, and a measuring device for measuring an electrical property on the fuse. A fuse system may include a trip logic communicatively coupled via signaling technology to the measuring device and the electronic isolating switch, which is configured to evaluate measurement values determined via the measuring device, and actuate the electronic isolating switch based on a result of the evaluation.

An arrangement for monitoring a condition of a direct current voltage circuit including first and second supply poles for forming an operating voltage. A first fuse is connected to the first supply pole, and has a supply pole and an output pole. A second fuse is connected to the second supply pole, and has a supply pole and an output pole. The arrangement can form one or several reference voltages (U.sub.REFa,U.sub.REFb,U.sub.REFc), can form a first measurement voltage (U.sub.1a,U.sub.1b,U.sub.1c,U.sub.1d) between the output pole of the first fuse and the supply pole of the second fuse, and can form a second measurement voltage (U.sub.1a,U.sub.1b,U.sub.1c,U.sub.1d) between the output pole of the second fuse and the supply pole of the first or the second fuse. One or several reference voltages and measurement voltages can be compared to estimate a condition of the first and second fuse, and a comparison result can be indicated.

Electrical current sensing and monitoring methods include connecting sensing a voltage across a conductor having a non-linear resistance such as a fuse element. The current flowing in the conductor is calculated based on at least a first detected state of the sensed voltage and a thermal equilibrium characterization of the conductor.

In example implementations, a printhead die is provided. The printhead die includes a substrate, a chamber layer formed on the substrate, a plurality of printing fluid ejection chambers coupled to opposite sides of the chamber layer and along a length of the chamber layer, and a top hat layer formed on the chamber layer and the plurality of printing fluid ejection chambers. The chamber layer includes a void to store printing fluid. The top hat layer includes an initial unsupported top hat layer portion over the void, wherein the initial unsupported top hat layer portion comprises a first end that is narrower than a second end.

Provided is a battery overcurrent cutoff device designed for vehicles, incorporating either a high current busbar within an intelligent battery sensor (IBS) or a high current terminal. This device features a connecting portion divided into first and second segments, and a breaking portion positioned between them. The breaking portion is engineered to sever within a specified time range upon detecting overcurrent, using materials like copper-nickel, iron-nickel, and other alloys. It may include design elements such as grooves, through-holes, and flexible joints to enhance functionality and durability. Additionally, tin plating is used to improve conductivity and corrosion resistance. The device can also include temperature monitoring and heat-resistant insulating materials to ensure safety and reliability.

A trip mechanism for a fuse includes a trip unit disposed within an elongated housing of the fuse, and a processor. The trip unit includes a fuse element and an actuator for severing the fuse element. The processor is in electrical communication with the trip unit, and is adapted to monitor electrical current. Responsive to the processor detecting a predetermined prescribed electrical current, the processor is adapted to signal the actuator to sever the fuse element. The processor is programmable to selectively adjust the predetermined prescribed electrical current, thereby enabling the fuse to have a plurality different current ratings.