A monolithic graphite heater for heating a thermionic electron cathode includes first and second electrically conductive arms, each one of the first and second electrically conductive arms having an electrode mount at a proximal end, a thermal apex at a distal end, and a transitional region between the electrode mount and the thermal apex; a cathode mount electrically and mechanically coupling each thermal apex to form a maximum Joule-heating region at or adjacent the cathode mount and decreasing Joule-heating along each transitional region; and a press-fit aperture formed in the cathode mount, the press-fit aperture sized to receive at least a portion of the thermionic electron cathode for facilitating thermionic emission produced therefrom in response to operative heat power generation provided by the maximum Joule-heating region.

A high-temperature component made of a refractory metal or a refractory metal alloy, includes a coating for increasing thermal emissivity. The coating is formed substantially of tungsten and rhenium, i.e. of at least 55 wt. % rhenium and at least 10 wt. % tungsten, and has a Re3W phase of at least 35 wt. %. A process for producing a high-temperature component having a coating for increasing thermal emissivity, is also provided.

A method of manufacturing carburized Lu.sub.2O.sub.3 doped Mo cathodes for thermionic emission for magnetrons is described. The Lu.sub.2O.sub.3 doped Mo powder is prepared by sol-gel method. The powder is reduced thoroughly in hydrogen atmosphere. Afterwards, the powder is die-pressed into pellets, followed by sintering in hydrogen and carburization in activated carbon powder to obtain the carburized Lu.sub.2O.sub.3 doped Mo cathode.

A flat emitter configured for use in an X-ray tube is presented. The X-ray tube includes a first conductive section including a first terminal. Further, the X-ray tube includes a second conductive section including a second terminal. Also, the X-ray tube includes a third conductive section disposed between the first conductive section and the second conductive section, wherein the third conductive section is configured to emit electrons toward a determined focal spot, and wherein the third conductive section includes a plurality of slits subdividing the third conductive section into a winding track coupled to the first conductive section and the second conductive section, wherein at least two of the plurality of slits are interwound spirally to compose the winding track, and wherein the winding track is configured to expand and contract based on heat provided to the third conductive section.

An electrode (1) of a discharge device (e.g. the cathode of a discharge lamp) having a side area (4) and a tip area (5) implanted with an emissive material dopant induced by ion implantation is disclosed. The side area (4) of the electrode (1) may be masked (3) during ion implantation or a diffusion barrier layer (7) may be added on the side area (4) after ion implantation.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provides methods and systems for preparing a cathode component. The method may include obtaining a three-dimensional (3D) model of the cathode component; obtaining a predetermined parameter, wherein the predetermined parameter includes at least one of a scanning direction of laser, an energy distribution of laser, an output power of laser, or a scanning speed of laser; and controlling a 3D printer to perform, based on the 3D model and the predetermined parameter, a laser scanning on a raw material to obtain the cathode component.

The cathode member for electron beam generation of the present disclosure includes: 95% by area or more of a single phase or two phases of a compound composed of iridium and cerium. A total content of one or more subcomponents of metallic iridium and an oxide of one or more elements of iridium and cerium is 5% by area or less of the cathode member.