In an X-ray generator an X-ray tube includes an anode and a cathode and is energized with at least a first high voltage potential. A dynamic damper with a frequency dependent impedance is interposed between the X-ray tube and a source of the high voltage potential. The impedance of the dynamic damper increases with an increase in frequency associated with tube-spit. In an X-ray generator with resonant switching to provide a first kV level and a second kV level to the X-ray tube, the impedance of the dynamic damper is low at the operational frequency of the resonant switch to promote energy recovery when the resonant switch operates to provide a first kV level to the X-ray tube.

An x-ray device utilizes a band of material to exchange charge through tribocharging within a chamber maintained at low fluid pressure. The charge is utilized to generate x-rays within the housing, which may pass through a window of the housing. Various contact rods may be used as part of the tribocharging process.

A fluid injector for x-ray tubes and a method to provide a liquid anode by liquid metal injection, wherein the fluid injector includes a device to inject fluid from an opening in a chamber of the device as a fluid jet generated by an arrangement to change the volume within the chamber, and includes a reservoir to store the anode material, which is fluidically connected by a pipe with the chamber of the device, where the pipe has a part formed in the fluid flow direction that is shaped to block fluid flow from the chamber to the reservoir during injection, and where the includes injecting fluid in a direction towards an electron beam and refilling the chamber with liquid metal from the reservoir.

A fluid injector for x-ray tubes and a method to provide a liquid anode by liquid metal injection, wherein the fluid injector includes a device to inject fluid from an opening in a chamber of the device as a fluid jet generated by an arrangement to change the volume within the chamber, and includes a reservoir to store the anode material, which is fluidically connected by a pipe with the chamber of the device, where the pipe has a part formed in the fluid flow direction that is shaped to block fluid flow from the chamber to the reservoir during injection, and where the includes injecting fluid in a direction towards an electron beam and refilling the chamber with liquid metal from the reservoir.

An X-ray generation tube includes: an anode including a target configured to generate X-rays under irradiation of electrons, and an anode member electrically connected to the target; a cathode including an electron emitting source configured to emit an electron beam in a direction towards the target, and a cathode member electrically connected to the electron emitting source; and an insulating tube extending between the anode member and the cathode member. The anode further includes an inner circumferential anode layer electrically connected to the anode member, the inner circumferential anode layer extending along an inner circumferential face of the insulating tube, and is remote from the cathode member.

A high dose output, through transmission target X-ray tube and methods of use includes, in general an X-ray tube for accelerating electrons under a high voltage potential having an evacuated high voltage housing, a hemispherical shaped through transmission target anode disposed in said housing, a cathode structure to deflect the electrons toward the hemispherical anode disposed in said housing, a filament located in the geometric center of the anode hemisphere disposed in said housing, a power supply connected to said cathode to provide accelerating voltage to the electrons.

An x-ray interferometric imaging system in which the x-ray source comprises a target having a plurality of structured coherent sub-sources of x-rays embedded in a thermally conducting substrate. The system additionally comprises a beam-splitting grating G.sub.1 that establishes a Talbot interference pattern, which may be a π phase-shifting grating, and an x-ray detector to convert two-dimensional x-ray intensities into electronic signals. The system may also comprise a second analyzer grating G.sub.2 that may be placed in front of the detector to form additional interference fringes, a means to translate the second grating G.sub.2 relative to the detector. The system may additionally comprise an antiscattering grid to reduce signals from scattered x-rays. Various configurations of dark-field and bright-field detectors are also disclosed.

An x-ray apparatus includes a source configured to generate electrons, a target configured to produce x-rays upon impingement of electrons, and a detector configured to detect electrons penetrating the target or reflected from the incident face of the target, indicative of damage to the target.

An x-ray apparatus includes a source configured to generate electrons, a target configured to produce x-rays upon impingement of electrons, and a detector configured to detect electrons penetrating the target or reflected from the incident face of the target, indicative of damage to the target.

An x-ray transmitter, which may be compact, may be in the form of a housing with an x-ray transparent window sputtered with a metal on one wall, and tribocharging electron source on another wall.