Provided is a plasma processing apparatus. The plasma processing apparatus includes a chamber configured to isolate a plasma region where plasma is formed from an outside, a core located on the chamber and configured to form a magnetic field in the chamber, and a plurality of coils located adjacent to the core, wherein the core includes a first core having a donut shape, and the plurality of coils include first and second upper outer coils located on a top surface of the first core.

An apparatus and method to produce a waveform. The apparatus includes a first node, at least one switch that couples a second node to the first node, and responsive to the at least one switch being closed, a peak voltage is produced at the first node before a voltage at the first node drops by a voltage step. A power supply is coupled to the first node to produce, after the voltage step, a ramped voltage at the first node.

Embodiments of the present technology may include semiconductor processing methods that include depositing a film of semiconductor material on a substrate in a substrate processing chamber. The deposited film may be sampled for defects at greater than or about two non-contiguous regions of the substrate with scanning electron microscopy. The defects that are detected and characterized may include those of a size less than or about 10 nm. The methods may further include calculating a total number of defects in the deposited film based on the sampling for defects in the greater than or about two non-contiguous regions of the substrate. At least one deposition parameter may be adjusted as a result of the calculation. The adjustment to the at least one deposition parameter may reduce the total number of defects in a deposition of the film of semiconductor material.

Methods and apparatus leverage dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma to treat samples for surface modification prior to photomask application and for photomask cleaning. In some embodiments, a method of treating a surface with AP plasma includes igniting plasma over an ignition plate where the AP plasma is formed by one or more plasma heads of an AP plasma reactor positioned above the ignition plate, monitoring characteristics of the AP plasma with an optical emission spectrometer (OES) sensor to determine if stable AP plasma is obtained and, if so, moving the AP reactor over a central opening of an assistant plate where the central opening contains a sample under treatment and where the assistant plate reduces AP plasma arcing on the sample during treatment. The AP reactor scans back and forth over the central opening of the assistant plate while maintaining stabilized AP plasma to treat the sample.

Some implementations described herein provide techniques and apparatuses for improving a uniformity of a flow of a gas across a semiconductor substrate in an etch tool. The etch tool includes an exhaust port located at a bottom center of a chamber of the etch tool. The etch tool further includes a flow-control subsystem that includes an impeller and a thermal component. As a result of the flow-control subsystem varying a rotational velocity of the impeller, and/or an amount of heat transferred from the thermal component, the uniformity of the flow of the gas across the semiconductor substrate may be improved. In this way, a uniformity of an etching rate may be increased and contamination defects due to a clustering of particulates may be decreased, resulting in an increase in a yield of semiconductor product fabricated using the etch tool.

Systems and methods for real-time control of temperature within a plasma chamber are described. One of the methods includes sensing a voltage in real time of a rail that is coupled to a voltage source. The voltage source supplies a voltage to multiple heater elements of the plasma chamber. The voltage that is sensed is used to adjust one or more duty cycles of corresponding one or more of the heater elements. The adjusted one or more duty cycles facilitate achieving and maintaining a temperature value within the plasma chamber over time.

An apparatus and method to produce a waveform. The apparatus includes a first node, at least one switch that couples a second node to the first node, and responsive to the at least one switch being closed, a peak voltage is produced at the first node before a voltage at the first node drops by a voltage step. A power supply is coupled to the first node to produce, after the voltage step, a ramped voltage at the first node.

An apparatus and method to produce a waveform. The apparatus includes a first node, a first power supply coupled to a second node, a first switch that couples the second node to the first node, and responsive to the first switch being closed, a peak voltage is applied at the first node. The apparatus also includes a second switch that couples a third node to the first node, and responsive to the second switch being closed, a voltage step is applied at the first node. In addition, a second power supply is coupled to the first node to produce a ramped voltage at the first node.

An exemplary plasma processing system includes a plasma processing chamber, an electrode for powering plasma in the plasma processing chamber, a tunable radio frequency (RF) signal generator configured to output a first signal at a first frequency and a second signal at a second frequency. The second frequency is at least 1.1 times the first frequency. The system includes a broadband power amplifier coupled to the tunable RF signal generator, the first frequency and the second frequency being within an operating frequency range of the broadband power amplifier. The output of the broadband power amplifier is coupled to the electrode. The broadband power amplifier is configured to supply, at the output, first power at the first frequency and second power at the second frequency.

Embodiments herein provide plasma processing chambers and methods configured for fine-tuning and control over a plasma sheath formed during the plasma-assisted processing of a semiconductor substrate. Embodiments include a sheath tuning scheme, including plasma processing chambers and methods, which can be used to tailor one or more characteristics of a plasma sheath formed between a bulk plasma and a substrate surface. Generally, the sheath tuning scheme provides differently configured pulsed voltage (PV) waveforms to a plurality of bias electrodes embedded beneath the surface of a substrate support in an arrangement where each of the electrodes can be used to differentially bias a surface region of a substrate positioned on the support. The sheath tuning scheme disclosed herein can thus be used to adjust and/or control the directionality, and energy and angular distributions of ions that bombard a substrate surface during a plasma-assisted etch process.