An ion depth profile control method includes performing reinforcement learning, whereby a similarity between an ion depth profile and a box profile is output as a reward when the similarity is equal to or greater than a set criterion, the ion depth profile being an ion concentration according to a wafer depth in an ion implantation process, and the box profile being a target profile, obtaining at least one process condition of the ion implantation process as a result of the reinforcement learning, and generating a process recipe regarding the at least one process condition.

A multiple charged particle beam writing apparatus includes a defective pattern data generation circuitry configured to generate defective pattern data of a defective pattern having a shape of the defective region in the writing region; a reverse pattern data generation circuitry configured to generate reverse pattern data by reversing the defective pattern data; a combined-value pixel data generation circuitry configured to generate, for the each pixel, combined-value pixel data by adding a value defined in a reverse pattern pixel data and a value defined in a writing pattern pixel data; and a writing mechanism configured to perform multiple writing, using multiple charged particle beams, on the target object such that the each pixel is irradiated with a beam of a dose corresponding to a value defined in the combined-value pixel data.

An ion source having dual indirectly heated cathodes is disclosed. Each of the cathodes may be independently biased relative to its respective filament so as to vary the profile of the beam current that is extracted from the ion source. In certain embodiments, the ion source is used in conjunction with an ion implanter. The ion implanter comprises a beam profiler to measure the current of the ribbon ion beam as a function of beam position. A controller uses this information to independently control the bias voltages of the two indirectly heated cathodes so as to vary the uniformity of the ribbon ion beam. In certain embodiments, the current passing through each filament may also be independently controlled by the controller.

Provided herein are systems and methods for spatially resolved optical metrology of an ion beam. In some embodiments, a system includes a chamber containing a plasma/ion source operable to deliver an ion beam to a wafer, and an optical collection module operable with the chamber, wherein the optical collection module includes an optical device for measuring a light signal from a volume of the ion beam. The system may further include a detection module operable with the optical collection module, the detection module comprising a detector for receiving the measured light signal and outputting an electric signal corresponding to the measured light signal, thus corresponding to the property of the sampled plasma volume.

A charged particle beam writing method includes acquiring the deviation amount of the deflection position per unit tracking deflection amount with respect to each tracking coefficient of a plurality of tracking coefficients having been set for adjusting the tracking amount to shift the deflection position of a charged particle beam on the writing target substrate in order to follow movement of the stage on which the writing target substrate is placed, extracting a tracking coefficient based on which the deviation amount of the deflection position per the unit tracking deflection amount is closest to zero among the plurality of tracking coefficients, and writing a pattern on the writing target substrate with the charged particle beam while performing tracking control in which the tracking amount has been adjusted using the tracking coefficient extracted.

An apparatus for measuring ion beam current values without disturbing the state of ionization of an ion source includes a high-voltage circuit for applying a voltage between an anode and at least one cathode of an ion source based on a voltage condition and supplying its output current to the anode; a gas flow rate adjusting mechanism for adjusting the flow rate of a gas being an ion source material for generating ions and to be admitted into the ion source; a memory in which there is stored information representing a relationship between the flow rate of the gas and the value of an extraction current flowing through an extraction electrode; and an arithmetic processor for finding the extraction current corresponding to the flow rate of the gas based on the information stored in the memory and subtracting the value of the extraction current from the value of the output current supplied to the anode by the high-voltage circuit to compute the electrical current value of the ion beam.

An ion source having dual indirectly heated cathodes is disclosed. Each of the cathodes may be independently biased relative to its respective filament so as to vary the profile of the beam current that is extracted from the ion source. In certain embodiments, the ion source is used in conjunction with an ion implanter. The ion implanter comprises a beam profiler to measure the current of the ribbon ion beam as a function of beam position. A controller uses this information to independently control the bias voltages of the two indirectly heated cathodes so as to vary the uniformity of the ribbon ion beam. In certain embodiments, the current passing through each filament may also be independently controlled by the controller.

The present application relates to an apparatus for processing a photolithographic mask, said apparatus comprising: (a) at least one time-varying particle beam, which is embodied for a local deposition reaction and/or a local etching reaction on the photolithographic mask; (b) at least one first means for providing at least one precursor gas, wherein the precursor gas is embodied to interact with the particle beam during the local deposition reaction and/or the local etching reaction; and (c) at least one second means, which reduces a mean angle of incidence () between the time-varying particle beam and a surface of the photolithographic mask.

Provided herein are systems and methods for spatially resolved optical metrology of an ion beam. In some embodiments, a system includes a chamber containing a plasma/ion source operable to deliver an ion beam to a wafer, and an optical collection module operable with the chamber, wherein the optical collection module includes an optical device for measuring a light signal from a volume of the ion beam. The system may further include a detection module operable with the optical collection module, the detection module comprising a detector for receiving the measured light signal and outputting an electric signal corresponding to the measured light signal, thus corresponding to the property of the sampled plasma volume.

A bonded wafer including an ion implantation step using a batch processing ion implanter, wherein the ion implantation step is performed by irradiating a bond wafer with a light element ion beam without forming an insulator film on the bond wafer surface or through an insulator film having a thickness of 50 nm or less formed on the bond wafer surface at an implantation angle inclined from a crystal axis of the bond wafer; and the bond wafer surface is irradiated with the center of the light element ion beam shining at a position on the bond wafer surface shifted from the center of the bond wafer parallel to the center of a rotor by a predetermined amount providing a bonded wafer to prevent degradation of the radial uniformity of ion implantation depth and manufacture a bonded wafer with excellent radial uniformity of thickness of a thin film after delamination.