A system and method for fabricating metal insulator metal capacitors while managing semiconductor processing yield and increasing capacitance per area are described. A semiconductor device fabrication process places an oxide layer on top of a metal layer. A photoresist layer is formed on top of the oxide layer and etched with repeating spacing. One of a variety of lithography techniques is used to alter the distance between the spacings. The process etches trenches into areas of the oxide layer unprotected by the photoresist layer and strips the photoresist layer. The top and bottom corners of the trenches are rounded. The process deposits a bottom metal, a dielectric, and a top metal on the oxide layer both on areas with the trenches and on areas without the trenches. The process completes the metal insulator metal capacitor with metal nodes contacting each of the top plate and the bottom plate.

A method of fabricating a metal-insulator-metal capacitor includes providing a dielectric layer. The dielectric layer is etched to form a first hole including a first convex profile bulging into the dielectric layer. Subsequently, the dielectric layer is etched to form a second hole including a second convex profile bulging into the dielectric layer. A first metal layer is formed to conformally cover the capacitor trench. An insulating layer is formed to cover the first metal layer. Finally, a second metal layer is formed covering the insulating layer.

A capacitor that includes a conductive porous base material; an electrode layer; a dielectric layer between the conductive porous base material and the electrode layer; and at least one silicon-containing layer between the dielectric layer and the electrode layer.

Phased-array antenna systems can be constructed using transfer printed active components. Phased-array antenna systems benefit from a large number of radiating elements (e.g., more radiating elements can form sharper, narrower beams (higher gain)). As the number of radiating elements increases, the size of the part and the cost of assembly increases. High throughput micro assembly (e.g. by micro-transfer printing) mitigates costs associated with high part-count. Micro assembly is advantaged over monolithic approaches that form multiple radiating elements on a semiconductor wafer because micro assembly uses less semiconductor material to provide the active components that are necessary for the array. The density of active components on the phased-array antenna system is small. Micro assembly provides a way to efficiently use semiconductor material on a phased array, reducing the amount of non-active semiconductor area (e.g., the area on the semiconductor material that does not include transistors, diodes, or other active components).

After forming a first functional gate stack located on a first body region of a first semiconductor material portion located in a first region of a substrate and a second functional gate stack located on a second body region of a second semiconductor material portion located in a second region of the substrate, a ferroelectric gate interconnect structure is formed connecting the first functional gate stack and the second functional gate stack. The ferroelectric gate interconnect structure includes a U-shaped bottom electrode structure, a U-shaped ferroelectric material liner and a top electrode structure.

After forming a first functional gate stack located on a first body region of a first semiconductor material portion located in a first region of a substrate and a second functional gate stack located on a second body region of a second semiconductor material portion located in a second region of the substrate, a ferroelectric gate interconnect structure is formed connecting the first functional gate stack and the second functional gate stack. The ferroelectric gate interconnect structure includes a U-shaped bottom electrode structure, a U-shaped ferroelectric material liner and a top electrode structure.

After forming a first functional gate stack located on a first body region of a first semiconductor material portion located in a first region of a substrate and a second functional gate stack located on a second body region of a second semiconductor material portion located in a second region of the substrate, a ferroelectric gate interconnect structure is formed connecting the first functional gate stack and the second functional gate stack. The ferroelectric gate interconnect structure includes a U-shaped bottom electrode structure, a U-shaped ferroelectric material liner and a top electrode structure.

In a semiconductor device (SD), plate-shaped upper electrodes (UEL) are formed on a lower electrode (LEL) with a dielectric film (DEC) interposed therebetween. The lower electrode (LEL), the dielectric film (DEC), and the upper electrodes (UEL) constitute MIM capacitors (MCA). One of the upper electrodes (UEL) and another upper electrode (UEL) that are adjacent to each other are arranged at an equal distance (D1), without the guard ring being interposed therebetween. The upper electrodes (UEL) positioned on the outermost periphery and the guard ring (GR) positioned outside those upper electrodes UEL are arranged at a distance equal to the distance (D1) from each other.

In a semiconductor device (SD), plate-shaped upper electrodes (UEL) are formed on a lower electrode (LEL) with a dielectric film (DEC) interposed therebetween. The lower electrode (LEL), the dielectric film (DEC), and the upper electrodes (UEL) constitute MIM capacitors (MCA). One of the upper electrodes (UEL) and another upper electrode (UEL) that are adjacent to each other are arranged at an equal distance (D1), without the guard ring being interposed therebetween. The upper electrodes (UEL) positioned on the outermost periphery and the guard ring (GR) positioned outside those upper electrodes UEL are arranged at a distance equal to the distance (D1) from each other.

A method of fabricating a metal-insulator-metal capacitor includes providing a dielectric layer. The dielectric layer is etched to form a first hole including a first convex profile bulging into the dielectric layer. Subsequently, the dielectric layer is etched to form a second hole including a second convex profile bulging into the dielectric layer. A first metal layer is formed to conformally cover the capacitor trench. An insulating layer is formed to cover the first metal layer. Finally, a second metal layer is formed covering the insulating layer.