The invention relates to electrochemical current sources, more particularly to metal-air current sources, and even more particularly to lithium-air current sources and their electrodes. A cathode comprises a base made of a porous electrically conducting material that is permeable to molecular oxygen, the working surface of which has a copolymer applied thereto, which is produced by the copolymerization of a monomeric transition metal coordination complex having a Schiff base and a thiophene group monomer. The monomeric transition metal coordination complex having a Schiff base can be, for example, a compound of the [M(R,R′-Salen)], [M(R,R′-Saltmen)] or [M(R,R′-Salphen)] type, and the thiophene group monomer can be a compound selected from a thiophene group consisting of 3-alkylthiophenes, 3,4-dialkylthiophenes, 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene or combinations thereof. A current source comprises the described cathode and an anode made from an active metal, in particular lithium, wherein the cathode and the anode are separated by an electrolyte containing ions of the metal from which the anode is made. It has been established that in this system, the copolymer exhibits the properties of an effective catalyst. The technical result is an increase in the specific energy, specific power and number of charge and discharge cycles of a metal-air current source.

A method of making an M-N—C catalyst is disclosed. The method includes the steps of (a) contacting an N-doped carbon support with a basic solution that includes a metal salt, whereby the N-doped carbon support is metalated by the metal cation of the metal salt to form one or more chelated metal-nitrogen complexes (MN.sub.x species); and (b) subsequently contacting the metalated N-doped carbon support with an acid, whereby the one or more MN.sub.x species formed on the N-doped carbon support in step (a) remain intact while other species are removed. The resulting composition may be catalytically activated by heat treating the composition. The activated catalyst may be used to catalyze a wide range of chemical reactions.

A method of producing electrical power includes: a cathode having a porphyrin precursor attached to a substrate, and having a first enzyme, wherein the first enzyme reduces oxygen; an anode having a first region of an anode substrate and having a gold nanoparticle composition located thereon, and having a second region of the anode substrate having an enzyme composition located thereon, wherein the enzyme composition includes a second enzyme, wherein the first region and second region are separate regions; and a neutral fuel liquid in contact with the anode and cathode, the neutral fuel liquid having a neutral pH and a fuel reagent; and operating the fuel cell to produce electrical power with the neutral fuel liquid having the neutral pH and the fuel reagent.

An oxygen reduction catalyst for use in low-temperature fuel cells and a method for the production thereof. This is in particular carrier-free and free from precious metals. It is based on a conductive polymer produced from a nitrogenous aromatic monomer, which leads to conductive polymers, and an aromatic sulfonic acid, which polymer is pyrolyzed together with one or more transition metal salts and is subsequently acid etched. In one particularly advantageous configuration variant, this involves a polypyrrole produced with sulfanilic acid as a doping agent.

A nitrogen-containing carbon material includes carbon atoms, nitrogen atoms, and halogen atoms. The nitrogen-containing carbon material has a ratio of a number of moles of pyridinic nitrogen atoms to a total number of moles of the nitrogen atoms that is higher than 59% and a total content ratio of the nitrogen atoms with respect to the nitrogen-containing carbon material that is 7 at % or higher. The nitrogen-containing carbon material includes a fused polycyclic aromatic moiety formed by condensation of three or more aromatic rings, and the fused polycyclic aromatic moiety includes a partial structure for two pyridinic nitrogen atoms to be linked to each other through two carbon atoms.

The present invention relates to a flexible electrode, a biofuel cell using the same, and a method for manufacturing the same. The electrode according to the present invention comprises: a non-electrically conductive substrate (10); a base layer (20) disposed on the outer surface of the substrate (10); a nanoparticle layer (31) including metallic nanoparticles and disposed on the outer surface of the base layer (20); and a monomolecular layer (33) including a monomolecular material having an amine group and disposed on the outer surface of the nanoparticle layer (31).

A lithium-air battery cell wherein the positive electrode includes a solid p-type electroactive organic catalyst lithium salt and a battery pack including several lithium-air battery cells. The use of a battery pack as a rechargeable battery for vehicles, such as electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles, electronic devices, and stationary power generating devices. Finally, a vehicle, an electronic device, and a stationary power generating device, including a battery pack.

The present invention provides a process for incorporating at least one nano-catalyst on the surface of and within a plurality of pores of an electrode. The process includes spraying or dripping a catechol based surfactant onto the surface of and within one or more pores of a solid oxide electrochemical cell having an anode electrode and a cathode electrode; spraying or dripping a nano-catalyst solution onto the surface of and within one or more pores of the solid oxide electrochemical cell that has been pretreated with the catechol based surfactant for forming a modified solid oxide electrochemical cell; and firing the modified solid oxide electrochemical cell above a calcination temperature of the nano-catalyst solution for forming a nano-catalyst on the surface and within at least one or more pores of the solid oxide electrochemical cell.

The present invention relates to an enhanced catalytic nickel oxide sheet having an organic part which includes non-stoichiometric nickel oxides dispersed in an organic matrix, wherein the catalytic sheet is supported on a substrate. The invention also relates to a method for obtaining the catalytic film and to its uses as an electrode in electrocatalysis of water or in photocatalysis.

Metallopolymers composed of polymers and catalytically active diiron-disulfide ([2Fe-2S]) complexes are described herein. [FeFe]-hydrogenase mimics have been synthesized and used to initiate polymerization of various monomers to generate metallopolymers containing active [2Fe-2S] sites which serve as catalysts for a hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Vinylic monomers with polar groups provided water solubility relevant for large scale hydrogen production, leveraging the supramolecular architecture to improve catalysis. Metallopolymeric electrocatalysts displayed high turnover frequency and low overpotential in aqueous media as well as aerobic stability. Metallopolymeric photocatalysts incorporated P3HT ligands to serve as a photosensitizer to promote photoinduced electron transfer to the active complex.