A photocatalyst apparatus includes a carrier and a photocatalyst carried by the carrier. The carrier is a porous material with a specific surface area higher than 10/mm, the specific surface area depending on different pore sizes, wherein the porous material includes a plurality of pores having a substantially uniform size with a variation of less than about 20%, wherein the size is larger than about 100 nm and smaller than about 5 mm. The photocatalyst apparatus can be used for lighting, anti bacteria, deodorant, air or water purification, etc.

The present disclosure provides a catalyst product having particular three-dimensional plate-like shape and comprising catalyst nanoparticles and a method for manufacturing same. The present product may be useful in fuel cells or battery applications. In certain embodiments the present catalysts show good catalytic activity and durability even at low catalyst loads.

Electrodes employing as active material metal nanoparticles synthesized by a novel route are provided. The nanoparticle synthesis is facile and reproducible, and provides metal nanoparticles of very small dimension and high purity for a wide range of metals. The electrodes utilizing these nanoparticles thus may have superior capability. Electrochemical cells employing said electrodes are also provided.

The disclosure discloses a preparation method and application of a non-noble metal single atom catalyst, and belongs to the technical fields of chemistry, chemical engineering and material science. According to the disclosure, cheap raw materials and simple method are used to prepare the single atom catalyst. In essence, metal is anchored on light-absorbing carrier in a single atom form under irradiation to produce the single atom catalyst. In the disclosure, the non-noble metal single atom catalyst is prepared by using a photochemical synthetic route for the first time. The single atom catalyst synthesized in the disclosure is dispersed on the surface of photoactive substance. Using nickel single atom as a co-catalyst in photocatalytic water splitting to produce hydrogen, the cost is low and the catalytic efficiency is greatly improved compared with other types of non-noble metal modified composite photocatalysts.

An electrode catalyst in which a metal or a metal oxide is supported on an electrode support composed of a conductive substance is provided. It is preferable that the electrode support contain one or more metals which are selected from the group consisting of a transition metal and a typical metal in Groups 12 to 14 or a carbon material and the metal or the metal oxide contain one or more metals which are selected from the group consisting of a transition metal and a typical metal in Groups 12 to 14 or a metal oxide.

A fuel cell component including a fuel cell substrate and a nitride material. The material may be a nitride compound having a chemical formula A.sub.xB.sub.yN.sub.z, where A is a metal, B is a metal different than A, N is nitrogen, x>0, y<7 and 0<z<12. The nitride compound may have a ratio of a stoichiometric factor to a reactivity factor of greater than 1.0. The stoichiometric factor indicates the reactivity of a nitride compound with chemical species as compared to a baseline nitride compound. The reactivity factor indicates the reaction enthalpy of the nitride compound and the chemical species as compared to a baseline nitride compound and the chemical species. The nitride compound may be Fe.sub.3Mo.sub.3N, Ni.sub.2Mo.sub.3N, Ni.sub.2W.sub.3N, CuNi.sub.3N, Fe.sub.3WN, Zn.sub.3Nb.sub.3N, V.sub.3Zn.sub.2N or a combination thereof. The nitride compound may be Si.sub.6Y.sub.3N.sub.11, Ni.sub.2Mo.sub.4N, Fe.sub.3Mo.sub.5N.sub.6 or a combination thereof.

A composite electrode includes two or more types of fibers forming a fiber network, comprising at least a first type of fibers and a second type of fibers. The first type of fibers comprises a first polymer and a first type of particles. The second type of fibers comprises a second polymer and a second type of particles. The second polymer is same as or different from the first polymer. The second type of particles are same as or different from the first type of particles.

The invention relates to solid oxide fuel cell anodes, in particular anodes which containing porous particles coated with catalytic nickel. The use of porous particles as a carrier for the nickel catalyst helps to overcome some of the redox stability issues experienced by some systems and improves the internal reforming properties of the system and permits less nickel to be used in SOFC systems.

Atomically dispersed platinum-group metal-free catalyst and method for synthesizing the same. According to one embodiment, the catalyst is made by a method in which, in a first step, a metal oxide/zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF) composite is formed by combining (i) nanoparticles of an oxide of at least one of iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese, and copper, (ii) a hydrated zinc salt, and (iii) an imidazole. Then, in a second step, the metal oxide/ZIF composite is thermally activated, i.e., carbonized, to form an M-N—C catalyst. Thereafter, the M-N—C catalyst may be mixed with a quantity of ammonium chloride, and then the M-N—C/NH.sub.4Cl mixture may be pyrolyzed. The foregoing NH.sub.4Cl treatment may improve the intrinsic activity of the catalyst. Then, a thin layer of nitrogen-doped carbon may be added to NH.sub.4Cl-treated M-N—C catalyst by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Such CVD treatment may improve the stability of the catalyst.

Disclosed are an electrolyte membrane with improved ion conductivity and enhanced water transport and a method for manufacturing the same. The electrolyte membrane includes an ion transport layer including an ionomer having proton conductivity and a catalyst dispersed in the ion transport layer, and the catalyst includes a support including a shell configured to have a designated shape and size and to be hollow and at least one hole configured to allow an inner space to communicate with an outside therethrough, and a metal supported on the support.