An electrode unit and an electrode system comprising the same, wherein the electrode unit has an electrode catalyst layer consisting of a material comprising electrically conductive diamond particles; the electrode system having the above electrode unit includes an anode and a cathode, and the anode and/or cathode employs the electrode unit, the electrode system further including a PEM film; the anode and the cathode are respectively disposed on two sides of the PEM film. The use of electrically conductive diamond particles as the electrode catalyst layer does not require the use of base materials such as metals or semiconductors or ceramics, and machining problem and the problem relating to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient do not exist, thereby significantly reducing the manufacturing cost.

An electrode for a redox flow battery through which an electrolyte is circulated includes a porous body, and reactive particles that contribute to a battery reaction. The reactive particles are pressed against the porous body by a flow of the electrolyte without being immobilized on the porous body.

Disclosed are an electrolyte membrane for fuel cells that can prevent poisoning of catalysts and a method of producing the same. The electrolyte membrane for fuel cells includes an ion transport layer including an ionomer having proton conductivity, and a catalytic composite dispersed in the ion transport layer, wherein the catalytic composite includes a catalytic particle including a catalytic metal component having an activity of decomposing hydrogen peroxide, and a protective layer formed on at least a part of a surface of the catalytic particle to prevent the ionomer from contacting the catalytic metal component.

A carbon catalyst has a carbon structure with a crystallite size Lc falling within 0.90 nm or more and 1.20 nm or less calculated through use of a Bragg angle of a diffraction peak f.sub.broad at a diffraction angle 2θ of 24.0°±4.0° obtained by separating a diffraction peak in the vicinity of a diffraction angle 2θ of 26° in an X-ray diffraction pattern obtained by powder X-ray diffraction using a CuKα ray, and a carbon dioxide desorption amount from 650° C. to 1,200° C. of 97 μmol/g or less, a total of a carbon monoxide desorption amount and a carbon dioxide desorption amount from 650° C. to 1,200° C. of 647 μmol/g or less, or a carbon monoxide desorption amount from 650° C. to 1,200° C. of 549 μmol/g or less in a temperature programmed desorption method including measuring a carbon dioxide desorption amount from 25° C. to 1,200° C.

A novel alloy nanoparticle which the alloy nanoparticle contains five or more types of elements, in the case where the alloy nanoparticle is directly supported on a carbon material carrier, the carbon material carrier excludes graphene or carbon fibers; an aggregate of alloy nanoparticles; a catalyst; a production method for alloy nanoparticles.

A carbon catalyst has a carbon structure with a crystallite size Lc falling within 0.90 nm or more and 1.20 nm or less calculated through use of a Bragg angle of a diffraction peak f.sub.broad at a diffraction angle 2θ of 24.0°±4.0° obtained by separating a diffraction peak in the vicinity of a diffraction angle 2θ of 26° in an X-ray diffraction pattern obtained by powder X-ray diffraction using a CuKα ray, and a carbon dioxide desorption amount from 650° C. to 1,200° C. of 97 μmol/g or less, a total of a carbon monoxide desorption amount and a carbon dioxide desorption amount from 650° C. to 1,200° C. of 647 μmol/g or less, or a carbon monoxide desorption amount from 650° C. to 1,200° C. of 549 μmol/g or less in a temperature programmed desorption method including measuring a carbon dioxide desorption amount from 25° C. to 1,200° C.

The invention relates to a catalyst system for catalyzing conversion of carbon dioxide into multi-carbon compounds comprising a boron-doped copper catalytic material and associated methods.

Electrooxidative materials and various method for preparing electrooxidative materials formed from an alloy of oxophilic and electrooxidative metals. The alloy may be formed using methods such as spray pyrolysis or mechanosynthesis and may or may not include a supporting material which may or may not be sacrificial as well as the materials.

A carbon catalyst, a battery electrode, and a battery each having excellent catalytic activity and excellent durability. The carbon catalyst includes iron, exhibits a weight reduction ratio in the temperature range from 200° C. to 1,200° C. of 12.0 wt % or less measured by thermogravimetric analysis in a nitrogen atmosphere, and has a carbon structure that exhibits, in X-ray absorption fine structure analysis of a K absorption edge of the iron, the following (a) and/or (b): (a) a ratio of a normalized absorbance at 7,130 eV to a normalized absorbance at 7,110 eV is 7.0 or more; and (b) a ratio of a normalized absorbance at 7,135 eV to a normalized absorbance at 7,110 eV is 7.0 or more.

The invention relates to a catalyst system for catalyzing conversion of carbon dioxide into multi-carbon compounds comprising a boron-doped copper catalytic material and associated methods.