Designs, strategies and methods for forming tube shaped batteries are described. In some examples, hermetic seals may be used to seal battery chemistry within the tube-shaped batteries. This may improve biocompatibility of energization elements. In some examples, the tube form biocompatible energization elements may be used in a biomedical device. In some further examples, the tube form biocompatible energization elements may be used in a contact lens.

Methods and apparatus to form biocompatible energization elements are described. In some embodiments, the methods and apparatus to form the biocompatible energization elements involve forming cavities comprising active cathode chemistry. The active elements of the cathode and anode are sealed with a laminate stack of biocompatible material. In some embodiments, a field of use for the methods and apparatus may include any biocompatible device or product that requires energization elements.

Methods and apparatus to form biocompatible energization elements are described. In some embodiments, the methods and apparatus to form the biocompatible energization elements involve forming cavities comprising active cathode chemistry. The active elements of the cathode and anode are sealed with a laminate stack of biocompatible material. In some embodiments, a field of use for the methods and apparatus may include any biocompatible device or product that requires energization elements.

An alkaline battery includes a positive electrode containing member, a negative electrode containing member, a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a frame-shaped member, a separator, and a sealing member. The positive electrode is contained inside the positive electrode containing member. The negative electrode and the frame-shaped member are contained inside the negative electrode containing member. The separator is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The sealing member is disposed between the positive electrode containing member and the negative electrode containing member, and is separated from the frame-shaped member. The positive electrode containing member and the negative electrode containing member are crimped to each other with the sealing member interposed between the positive electrode containing member and the negative electrode containing member. The negative electrode includes a negative electrode active material and an alkaline electrolytic solution. The frame-shaped member surrounds the negative electrode and adjoins the separator.

A magnesium battery, which uses oxygen in the air as the cathode active material and magnesium as the anode active material, the invention provides a simple mechanism that enables realization of a magnesium fuel assembly and a magnesium battery capable of uninterrupted fuel supply.

A method of fabricating a flexible battery comprises forming a first substrate on a first release liner, forming at least one current collector layer on each of the first and second substrate, forming an anode side of the battery by forming an anode on the current collector of the first substrate, forming a cathode side of the battery by forming a cathode on the current collector of the second substrate, depositing electrolyte on one or both of the anode and cathode, adhering and sealing the anode side and cathode side together such that the anode and cathode face one another with the electrolyte In between, and removing the flexible battery from the release liners. The battery may be a primary battery or a secondary battery. The method may be implemented using a roll-to-roll process.

A method of manufacturing a zinc-manganese dioxide cell includes applying a first electrical conductor to an electrically non-conductive substrate and applying a second electrical conductor to the electrically non-conductive substrate. The method further includes applying a layer-shaped negative electrode directly onto the first electrical conductor, applying a layer-shaped positive electrode directly onto the second electrical conductor, providing a layer-shaped separator, applying at least one electrolyte layer to the layer-shaped negative electrode and/or to the layer-shaped positive electrode and/or to the layer-shaped separator, and forming a stack of layers with the sequence negative electrode/separator/positive electrode. The negative electrode is formed of a paste comprising zinc powder (mercury free), electrode binder, and solvent and/or dispersant. The positive electrode is formed of a paste comprising manganese dioxide, conductive material for improving electrical conductivity, electrode binder, and solvent and/or dispersant.

A method of manufacturing a zinc-manganese dioxide cell includes applying a first electrical conductor to an electrically non-conductive substrate and applying a second electrical conductor to the electrically non-conductive substrate. The method further includes applying a layer-shaped negative electrode directly onto the first electrical conductor, applying a layer-shaped positive electrode directly onto the second electrical conductor, providing a layer-shaped separator, applying at least one electrolyte layer to the layer-shaped negative electrode and/or to the layer-shaped positive electrode and/or to the layer-shaped separator, and forming a stack of layers with the sequence negative electrode/separator/positive electrode. The negative electrode is formed of a paste comprising zinc powder (mercury free), electrode binder, and solvent and/or dispersant. The positive electrode is formed of a paste comprising manganese dioxide, conductive material for improving electrical conductivity, electrode binder, and solvent and/or dispersant.

A primary battery includes: a positive electrode containing 2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone; a negative electrode containing magnesium or aluminum; and an aqueous electrolytic solution disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

A method of manufacturing a zinc-manganese dioxide cell includes applying a first electrical conductor to an electrically non-conductive substrate and applying a second electrical conductor to the electrically non-conductive substrate. The method further includes applying a layer-shaped negative electrode directly to the first electrical conductor, applying a layer-shaped positive electrode directly to the second electrical conductor, providing a layer-shaped separator, applying at least one electrolyte layer to the layer-shaped negative electrode and/or to the layer-shaped positive electrode and/or to the layer-shaped separator, and forming a stack of layers with the sequence negative electrode/separator/positive electrode. The negative electrode is prepared of a paste comprising zinc powder (mercury free), electrode binder, and solvent and/or dispersant. The positive electrode is prepared of a paste comprising manganese dioxide, conductivity agent for improving electrical conductivity, electrode binder, and solvent and/or dispersant.