An apparatus including a first electrode including a substantially homogeneous mixture of graphene oxide and a proton conductor; a second electrode including reduced graphene oxide; and spaced-apart charge collectors for the respective first and second electrodes, wherein the first and second electrodes extend from their respective charge collectors towards one another to form a junction at an interface there between, and wherein the substantially homogeneous mixture of the first electrode is configured to be sufficiently hydrophobic to prevent intermixing of the homogeneous mixture with the reduced graphene oxide of the second electrode in proximity to one or both of the respective charge collectors to prevent short circuiting of the spaced-apart charge collectors.

An apparatus comprises an anode formed of graphene oxide from an acidic pH; a cathode from a pH greater than the acidic pH of the anode; and charge collectors deposited on the anode and the cathode. The anode comprises graphene oxide, the graphene oxide comprising an ink and having a pH of about 1 to about 4.

A battery includes a first conductive substrate portion having a first face, and a second conductive substrate portion having a second face opposed to the first face. Each of the first and second faces has a perimeter portion and an interior portion inside the perimeter portion. A first electrode material of the battery is disposed in contact with the interior portion of at least one of the first and second faces, and a jettable electrolyte material disposed in contact with the first electrode material. A second electrode material is disposed in contact with the electrolyte material, and a conductive tab is disposed in contact with the second electrode material. The conductive tab extends outwardly from the interior region beyond the perimeter portion of at least one of the first and second faces.

A battery includes an electrolyte disposed on a substantially planar substrate. The electrolyte has a first surface extending from the substrate and in contact with a cathode. The electrolyte has a second surface extending from the substrate and in contact with an anode. The second surface is opposite the first surface. The anode and the cathode are non-overlapping. The battery additionally includes a biocompatible protective layer that covers the electrolyte and at least portions of the anode and cathode. The battery can be disposed in an eye-mountable device or other device to power electronics in the device. The battery can be configured to be rechargeable.

A solid, ionically conductive, polymer material with a crystallinity greater than 30%; a glassy state; and both at least one cationic and anionic diffusing ion, wherein each diffusing ion is mobile in the glassy state.

An alkaline battery, and a component cathode including a solid ionically conducting polymer material.

A lithium-ion battery includes multiple electrodes. At least one of the electrodes is comprised of multiple sheets of electrode mixture, and each of the sheets includes a different percentage of a solid-state electrolyte within the electrode mixture. The sheets are laminated together and to a current collector such that a bottom sheet nearest the current collector comprises a lowest percentage of the solid-state electrolyte. A gradient of percentages of the solid-state electrolyte is formed from the bottom sheet to a topmost sheet comprised of a highest percentage of the solid-state electrolyte.

Batteries having hybrid electrode configurations are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a battery comprises an electrode assembly. The electrode assembly comprises a first cathode including a first cathode active material, a second cathode including a second cathode active material different from the first cathode active material, a first anode disposed between the first cathode and the second cathode, a first separator interposed between the first cathode and the first anode, and a second separator interposed between the second cathode and the first anode.

Provided herein are ionically conductive solid-state compositions that include ionically conductive inorganic particles in a matrix of an organic material. The resulting composite material has high ionic conductivity and mechanical properties that facilitate processing. In particular embodiments, the ionically conductive solid-state compositions are compliant and may be cast as films. In some embodiments of the present invention, solid-state electrolytes including the ionically conductive solid-state compositions are provided. In some embodiments of the present invention, electrodes including the ionically conductive solid-state compositions are provided. The present invention further includes embodiments that are directed to methods of manufacturing the ionically conductive solid-state compositions and batteries incorporating the ionically conductive solid-state compositions.

An example composition is disclosed. For example, the composition includes a ultra-violet (UV) curable mixture of water, an acid, a phosphine oxide with one or more photoinitiators, a water miscible polymer, a salt, and a neutralizing agent. The composition can be used to form an electrolyte layer that can be cured in the presence of air when printing the thin-film battery.