The present invention relates to a reserve battery allowing a voltage to quickly rise while being activated by an impact in a normal state in which electricity is not generated and, more specifically, to a reserve battery having a stacked electrode structure, the reserve battery improving the speed of an activation operation and generating a high voltage while being easily manufactured through a structure in which a main body case, instead of an ampoule of metal and glass materials, acts as an ampoule, a cover is attached through welding in a state of directly accommodating an electrolyte, and then a substrate having an anode and a cathode formed thereon is provided as a single layer or a plurality of layers, and a through film, which is broken by pressure and pushes the electrolyte toward the electrodes, is formed at the center of the cover.

An electrochemical reactor includes positive and negative electrodes. A conductive and/or dielectric liquid is provided between the positive and negative electrodes. A first isolation member provided on the positive electrode isolates the positive electrode from the liquid, and a second isolation member provided on the negative electrode isolates the negative electrode from the liquid. The first and second isolation member each includes a liquid-repellent porous membrane. The reactor further includes a pressure-applying member which pressurizes the liquid to fill the pores of the first and second liquid-repellent porous membranes with the liquid, thereby causing an electrochemical reaction involving the positive and negative electrodes.

An electrochemical reactor includes positive and negative electrodes. A conductive and/or dielectric liquid is provided between the positive and negative electrodes. A first isolation member provided on the positive electrode isolates the positive electrode from the liquid, and a second isolation member provided on the negative electrode isolates the negative electrode from the liquid. The first and second isolation member each includes a liquid-repellent porous membrane. The reactor further includes a pressure-applying member which pressurizes the liquid to fill the pores of the first and second liquid-repellent porous membranes with the liquid, thereby causing an electrochemical reaction involving the positive and negative electrodes.

Some embodiments are directed to a dual activation mode thermal battery for powering a load. The thermal battery can include a first power source activable upon receiving mechanical energy. The thermal battery can also include a second power source activable through one of the electrical power produced by the first power source and external electrical stimuli, the second power source is configured to, upon activation provide a voltage for powering the load, wherein the first power source and the second power source are thermally and electrically isolated and the initiator thermal energy output from one initiator is prevented from initiating the other power source directly.

Some embodiments are directed to a dual activation mode thermal battery for powering a load. The thermal battery can include a first power source activable upon receiving mechanical energy. The thermal battery can also include a second power source activable through one of the electrical power produced by the first power source and external electrical stimuli, the second power source is configured to, upon activation provide a voltage for powering the load, wherein the first power source and the second power source are thermally and electrically isolated and the initiator thermal energy output from one initiator is prevented from initiating the other power source directly.

A process for converting post-explosion gases of an inhabitable level, low-oxygen ambient environment to a breathable mixture for human consumption comprises receiving a flow of post-explosion gas with oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen, and methane. The oxygen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide are removed from the from the flow of post-explosion gas to create both a mixture including oxygen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide; and a residual stream including nitrogen and methane. The oxygen is removed from the mixture of oxygen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide, and concentrated in a primary oxygen storage canister. The nitrogen is removed from the residual stream and stored in a nitrogen storage canister separate from the oxygen storage canister. The methane is vented back to the inhabitable level, low-oxygen ambient environment. The stored oxygen and nitrogen are metered through a breathing mask at a habitable level of 19-21% oxygen to a user.

An electronic device includes: a casing; a through hole which penetrates a bottom plate of the casing; a pin inserted into the through hole; a battery mounted on the pin inside the casing, wherein the battery includes a first lead terminal connected to an upper face of the battery, and a second lead terminal connected to a lower face of the battery; a first wiring layer disposed inside the casing and connected to the first lead terminal; and a second wiring layer disposed inside the casing to overlap with the second lead terminal in planar view. An upper face of the pin is higher in height than an upper face of the second wiring layer. The pin separates the second lead terminal and the second wiring layer from each other such that the second lead terminal and the second wiring layer are electrically insulated from each other.

An electronic device includes: a casing; a through hole which penetrates a bottom plate of the casing; a pin inserted into the through hole; a battery mounted on the pin inside the casing, wherein the battery includes a first lead terminal connected to an upper face of the battery, and a second lead terminal connected to a lower face of the battery; a first wiring layer disposed inside the casing and connected to the first lead terminal; and a second wiring layer disposed inside the casing to overlap with the second lead terminal in planar view. An upper face of the pin is higher in height than an upper face of the second wiring layer. The pin separates the second lead terminal and the second wiring layer from each other such that the second lead terminal and the second wiring layer are electrically insulated from each other.

A method for assembling a lithium-ion reserve battery. The method including: charging an assembled lithium-ion reserve battery, the assembled lithium-ion battery including electrodes forming a battery cell, electrolyte and a membrane separating the battery cell and the electrolyte, the electrodes being charged into a charged state; disassembling the charged lithium-ion reserve battery; rinsing and drying at least the electrodes of the disassembled lithium-ion reserve battery; and reassembling the lithium-ion reserve battery with the rinsed and dried electrodes in the charged state and without the electrolyte; wherein the reassembling includes hermetically sealing a housing containing the battery cell. A method for activating such lithium-ion battery further includes, subsequent to the reassembly, introducing the electrolyte into the battery cell to activate the lithium-ion battery.

A magnesium battery, which uses oxygen in the air as the cathode active material and magnesium as the anode active material, the invention provides a simple mechanism that enables realization of a magnesium fuel assembly and a magnesium battery capable of uninterrupted fuel supply.