A method of producing a rubber seal includes placing a screen with an opening, above a workpiece including a base portion and a bead base protruding from the base portion and applying a liquid material for forming the rubber seal, onto a top part of the bead base through the opening. In the production, the liquid material is applied onto the top part by moving a squeegee along a surface of the screen in a state where a stopper portion is disposed at a position adjacent to the bead base within an area of the base portion and between the screen and the workpiece.

A scaffold includes struts that intersect at nodes. In some instances, a cross section of the cores has at least one dimension less than 100 microns. The core can be a solid, liquid or a gas. In some instances, one or more shell layers are positioned on the core.

A scaffold includes struts that intersect at nodes. In some instances, a cross section of the cores has at least one dimension less than 100 microns. The core can be a solid, liquid or a gas. In some instances, one or more shell layers are positioned on the core.

A fuel cell stack in which plurality of cells including a plurality of reactive cells and at least one or more dummy cells is stacked, wherein each of the reactive cells has a separator for a reactive cell on which at least one or more insulating gaskets is exposedly formed on the outer surface, wherein the dummy cells have a separator for a dummy cell on which at least one or more insulating gaskets is exposedly formed on the outer surface, and wherein separators can be distinguished by means of identification gaskets exposedly formed to have different shapes, and a separator for a fuel cell for comprising the same.

A fuel cell stack in which plurality of cells including a plurality of reactive cells and at least one or more dummy cells is stacked, wherein each of the reactive cells has a separator for a reactive cell on which at least one or more insulating gaskets is exposedly formed on the outer surface, wherein the dummy cells have a separator for a dummy cell on which at least one or more insulating gaskets is exposedly formed on the outer surface, and wherein separators can be distinguished by means of identification gaskets exposedly formed to have different shapes, and a separator for a fuel cell for comprising the same.

Systems and methods for separator plates, bipolar plates, stacks of plates, and electrochemical systems, comprising at least one through-opening for the passage of a fluid and a rim that delimits the through-opening. The rim having a curved course and a rectilinear course that adjoins the curved course. A bead arrangement extends around the curved course and the rectilinear course. An edge portion spans the bead arrangement and the rim, so that the bead arrangement is situated at a distance from the rim. A cutout formed in the curved course, so that a minimum distance of the bead arrangement from the rim is smaller in the curved course than in the rectilinear course.

A fuel cell includes a separator. A constant amount of air is supplied to the fuel cell irrespective of positions within an air channel, and thus, degradation of the fuel cell is prevented. The separator includes a separator body and a porous structure which has a plurality of pores defined therein to provide a path through which a fluid flows, where the separator body includes: a fluid inlet part having a space into which the fluid is introduced; a reaction region configured to receive the fluid; and a diffusion part which is provided between the fluid inlet part and the reaction region, where the porous structure is stacked on one surface of the reaction region, and the number of pores per unit volume of the porous structure varies in an inlet region.

A fuel cell includes a separator. A constant amount of air is supplied to the fuel cell irrespective of positions within an air channel, and thus, degradation of the fuel cell is prevented. The separator includes a separator body and a porous structure which has a plurality of pores defined therein to provide a path through which a fluid flows, where the separator body includes: a fluid inlet part having a space into which the fluid is introduced; a reaction region configured to receive the fluid; and a diffusion part which is provided between the fluid inlet part and the reaction region, where the porous structure is stacked on one surface of the reaction region, and the number of pores per unit volume of the porous structure varies in an inlet region.

Porous solid materials are provided. The porous solid materials include a plurality of interconnected wires forming an ordered network. The porous solid materials may have a predetermined volumetric surface area ranging between 2 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3 and 90 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3, a predetermined porosity ranging between 3% and 90% and an electrical conductivity higher than 100 S/cm. The porous solid materials may have a predetermined volumetric surface area ranging between 3 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3 and 72 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3, a predetermined porosity ranging between 80% and 95% and an electrical conductivity higher than 100 S/cm. The porous solid materials (100) may have a predetermined volumetric surface area ranging between 3 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3 and 85 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3, a predetermined porosity ranging between 65% and 90% and an electrical conductivity higher than 2000 S/cm. Methods for the fabrication of such porous solid materials and devices including such porous solid material are also disclosed.

Porous solid materials are provided. The porous solid materials include a plurality of interconnected wires forming an ordered network. The porous solid materials may have a predetermined volumetric surface area ranging between 2 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3 and 90 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3, a predetermined porosity ranging between 3% and 90% and an electrical conductivity higher than 100 S/cm. The porous solid materials may have a predetermined volumetric surface area ranging between 3 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3 and 72 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3, a predetermined porosity ranging between 80% and 95% and an electrical conductivity higher than 100 S/cm. The porous solid materials (100) may have a predetermined volumetric surface area ranging between 3 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3 and 85 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3, a predetermined porosity ranging between 65% and 90% and an electrical conductivity higher than 2000 S/cm. Methods for the fabrication of such porous solid materials and devices including such porous solid material are also disclosed.