A cooling system containing a two-phase refrigerant that comprises a condenser, an evaporator and a conveying device. The evaporator is integrated in a heat source or thermally coupled thereto. Gaseous refrigerant from the evaporator is expanded in an expander, converted into mechanical energy and used to drive a generator for generation of electricity. Furthermore, an aircraft comprising a cooling system, wherein an electrical drive is supplied with electricity from a fuel cell, cooled using the cooling system, and the generator of the cooling system.

A cooling system containing a two-phase refrigerant, which cooling system includes a condenser, an evaporator and a conveying device. Liquid and gaseous refrigerant from the evaporator are collected in a collection vessel to which a first discharge line and a second discharge line are connected. Gaseous refrigerant is guided through the first discharge line to the condenser, whereas liquid refrigerant is conducted through the second discharge line to a part of the cooling system downstream of the condenser. Furthermore, a corresponding fuel cell cooling system is described which includes a fuel cell which forms the evaporator of the cooling system.

Provided is a fuel cell system including a fuel cell, a radiator that is provided in a circulation path of coolant that cools the fuel cell, a spray unit that sprays, toward the radiator, generated water that has been generated in and discharged from the fuel cell, and a heating unit that is provided in a supply path of the generated water from the fuel cell to the spray unit and heats the generated water.

An aircraft comprising a structure comprising a leakproof tank delimited by walls, of which at least one is in contact with the air outside the aircraft, and filled partly with a two-phase heat-transfer fluid, a fuel cell that is passed through by a heat-transfer fluid, and a line which takes the heat-transfer fluid at an output of the fuel cell and which reintroduces this heat-transfer fluid at an input of the fuel cell. The line passes through the leakproof tank immersed in the heat-transfer fluid in liquid phase.

An energy conversion system includes an energy converter, a cold generator, and a liquid water obtainer. The energy converter is configured to convert energy of a source from one form to another form and generate heat and water vapor. The cold generator is configured to generate cold using the heat generated by the energy converter. The liquid water obtainer is configured to condense the water vapor using the cold to obtain liquid water. Accordingly, the water vapor generated from the energy converter can be cooled efficiently. Therefore, efficiency in obtaining the liquid water can be improved compared with a case where the water vapor is cooled by open air.

A fuel cell system includes a combined cooling circuit for a motor vehicle that provides a method of cooling a fuel cell of a fuel cell system.

A fuel cell engine generates electricity for electric vehicles or for industrial uses. The evaporatively cooled fuel cell engine incorporates de-ionized water-cooling process, in which de-ionized water flowing through the cooling subsystem becomes ionized with carbon dioxide. The water scrubber subsystem of the invention uses differences in partial pressures across a thin ion-exchange membrane to draw the contaminating ions out of the flow or stream of the circulating water. Because the partial pressures of carbon dioxide is different on either side of the membrane, the carbon dioxide ions move from the side of the circulating water to the anode exhaust purge side through the ion-exchange membrane in order to achieve equilibrium. This results in reducing the carbon dioxide ions (and any other gaseous ions) in the flow or stream of circulating water before the water enters the fuel cell stack. This results in greater fuel cell performance and a longer lasting de-ionizing filter.

The present disclosure provides an integrated flow battery stack with a heat exchanger for thermal control of the battery during operation. The battery can comprise a stack consisting a plurality of electrochemical cells, each cell comprising a pair of electrodes separated by a membrane and sandwiched between a pair of bipolar plates. Each bipolar plate is shared between two adjacent cells. The stack is connected to an external electrical circuit by two current collectors placed at each end of the stack. At least one current collector plate is thermally coupled to a heat exchange plate which can be configured to have its temperature varied through external means. The heat exchange plate exchanges heat with the battery stack and maintains the temperature of the stack, by implication, maintains the temperature of the circulating electrolytes.

The invention relates to a fuel cell system (100), having: at least one fuel cell (101) and a cathode path (10) for providing an oxygen-containing reactant in the form of supply air (L1) to the at least one fuel cell (101), wherein the cathode path (10) has a supply air line (11) for providing the supply air (L1) to the at least one fuel cell (101) and an exhaust air line (12) for discharging exhaust air (L2) from the at least one fuel cell (101), and at least one heat exchanger (20) is provided between the supply air line (11) and the exhaust air line (12) of the cathode path (10) in order to transfer thermal energy from the supply air (L1) to the exhaust air (L2). For this purpose, the heat exchanger (20) is designed to transfer the heat to an exhaust air (L2) flow (M3) flowing through the heat exchanger (20) by means of the evaporation and condensation of product water (H20) and by means of multiple supply air (L1) flows (M1, M2) flowing through the heat exchanger (20).

An aircraft comprising a structure comprising a leakproof tank delimited by walls, of which at least one is in contact with the air outside the aircraft, and filled partly with a two-phase heat-transfer fluid, a fuel cell that is passed through by a heat-transfer fluid, and a line which takes the heat-transfer fluid at an output of the fuel cell and which reintroduces this heat-transfer fluid at an input of the fuel cell. The line passes through the leakproof tank immersed in the heat-transfer fluid in liquid phase.