A method of estimating hydrogen crossover loss of a fuel cell system including a stack for producing power through a reaction of hydrogen serving as fuel and air serving as an oxidizer includes driving the fuel cell system; estimating a hydrogen crossover rate right after a channel of an anode is purged; determining whether a cell voltage of a fuel cell is normal; and comparing the estimated hydrogen crossover rate with a predetermined reference value based on a result of the determining of whether the cell voltage of the fuel cell is normal to determine whether a pinhole or leakage occurs. Accordingly, whether a pinhole or leakage occurs in the fuel cell system may be more effectively sensed.

Disclosed are a deterioration estimation system for the fuel cell, a hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell including the same, and a hydrogen supply method for a fuel cell, the deterioration estimation system including a fuel cell which receives hydrogen gas and oxidizing gas respectively supplied to an anode side and a cathode side thereof to generate electrical power, a hydrogen supply line which is connected to the anode side of the fuel cell and supplies gas containing hydrogen gas to the fuel cell, a hydrogen supply valve which is located between the hydrogen supply line and a hydrogen tank, supplies, when opened, hydrogen gas stored in the hydrogen tank to the hydrogen supply line, and blocks the supply of the hydrogen gas when closed, and a deterioration estimating unit which estimates the deterioration state of the fuel cell, based on the opening and closing control of the hydrogen supply valve or a change in the pressure in the hydrogen supply line.

A system and a method for estimating a hydrogen concentration of a fuel cell include the fuel cell, a discharge line connected to an outlet side of a fuel cell hydrogen electrode while connecting the fuel cell to an exterior of the fuel cell, for communication between the fuel cell and the exterior of the fuel cell, a discharge valve provided at the discharge line and configured to adjust the communication between the fuel cell and the exterior of the fuel cell, and a controller configured to cut off the discharge valve during operation of the fuel cell, to check occurrence of degradation of the fuel cell, and to correct a crossover coefficient value of the fuel cell in accordance with a level of the degradation in the fuel cell when the degradation of the fuel cell has occurred, estimating a hydrogen concentration in an interior of the fuel cell.

Disclosed are a membrane-electrode assembly, a method of manufacturing the same, and a fuel cell including the membrane-electrode assembly. The membrane-electrode assembly includes a catalyst layer, an interfacial adhesive layer which is positioned on the catalyst layer and formed by permeating an interface between the interfacial adhesive layer and the catalyst layer into a partial depth of the catalyst layer, and an ion exchange membrane which is positioned on the interfacial adhesive layer and bonded to the catalyst layer by the medium of the interfacial adhesive layer, the interfacial adhesive layer including a fluorine-based ionomer having an equivalent weight (EW) of 500 to 1000 g/eq.

A method of controlling a hydrogen partial pressure can be carried out in a fuel cell system including a stack having a hydrogen electrode and an air electrode. The method includes: determining a point of time to purge the hydrogen electrode using a hydrogen concentration at an outlet of the hydrogen electrode or an accumulated amount of charge generated in the stack; and setting a target supply pressure of hydrogen supplied to the stack, in which the target hydrogen supply pressure is set in consideration of a hydrogen pressure and a partial pressure of nitrogen resulting from crossover in the stack.

A fuel cell system that ensures restraining a pressure relief mechanism from scattering is provided. The fuel cell system includes: a housing case that includes a stack housing portion housing a fuel cell stack and a high voltage component housing portion housing a high voltage component; a front side pressure relief mechanism, a left side pressure relief mechanism, a rear side pressure relief mechanism, a right side pressure relief mechanism, and an upper side pressure relief mechanism disposed on the high voltage component housing portion; and an auxiliary machine disposed outside the high voltage component housing portion. The respective pressure relief mechanisms are disposed in positions opposed to the auxiliary machine so as to have clearances with the auxiliary machine, and have rigidities lower than the rigidity of the auxiliary machine.

A stack (1) of intermediate temperature, metal-supported, solid oxide fuel cell units (10), each unit comprising a metal support substrate (12), a spacer (22) and an interconnect (30) that each have compression bolt holes (34), fuel inlet port (33), fuel outlet port (32) and air outlet (17) therein, wherein bolt voids (34) are formed by aligning the bolt holes and a further void (17) by aligning the air outlets, and the voids are vented, for example, to the environment or further void to prevent the build-up of fuel, moisture or ions.

A flow battery includes a first liquid, a second liquid, a first electrode immersed in the first liquid, a second electrode being a counter electrode of the first electrode and immersed in the second liquid, and an isolation unit separating the first electrode and the first liquid from the second electrode and the second liquid. Lithium is dissolved in at least one of the first liquid and the second liquid. The first liquid and the second liquid have a property of emitting solvated electrons of lithium and dissolving the lithium as a cation.

Embodiments described herein relate to compositions including iptycene-based structures. Some embodiments provide compositions including polymers having a backbone comprising an iptycene-based compound. Some embodiments described herein provide compositions having enhanced properties such as enhanced porosity, increased glass transition temperatures, and/or improved solubility as compared to traditional poly(aryl ether)-based compounds or traditional iptycene-based compounds. In some cases, the compositions may include various aryl ether compounds such as an aryl ether ketone incorporated into the polymer backbone. Non-limiting examples of suitable aryl ether compounds include polyaylethersulfones, polyaryletherketones, polyetherimides, and polyphenylene ethers. The compositions described herein may be useful in a wide variety of applications, including structural materials, flexible composites, ion conductors, fuel cell membranes such as proton exchanging membranes, sensors, preconcentrators, absorbents, or the like.

A fuel cell system, comprising: a fuel cell stack including a stacked body provided by stacking a plurality of cells in a stacking direction; a compressor configured to feed a purge gas to a cathode of the fuel cell stack; a controller configured to control the compressor, such as to perform stop-time purging that purges the cathode of the fuel cell stack when operation of the fuel cell system is stopped; a first temperature gauge configured to measure a first temperature value that reflects temperature of a cell placed near a center in the stacking direction among the plurality of cells constituting the stacked body and to input the measured first temperature value into the controller; and a second temperature gauge configured to measure a second temperature value that reflects temperature of a cell placed near an end in the stacking direction among the plurality of cells constituting the stacked body and to input the measured second temperature value into the controller, wherein the controller is configured to suspend the stop-time purging when the first temperature value is equal to or higher than a first reference temperature and the second temperature value is lower than a second reference temperature.