A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell, first and second supply devices, a gas-liquid separator, a discharge valve, first and second ejectors for discharging fuel gas and off gas to the fuel cell, a measuring device for gas pressure, and a control device. The first ejector has a discharge amount smaller than the second ejector. The first ejector has a circulation amount larger than the second ejector. The control device executes the supply during a first time from the first supply device at each first cycle such that the pressure becomes a first target value, and when the first ejector is in an abnormal state, stops the first supply device, executes the supply during a shorter second time from the second supply device at each shorter second cycle such that the pressure becomes a higher second target value, and opens and closes the discharge valve at each first cycle.

Disclosed is a method of controlling an air supply system for a fuel cell. The air supply system includes a fuel cell stack, an air channel to supply air to an inlet of the fuel cell stack, a gas adsorption unit disposed on the air channel and configured to adsorb oxygen contained in air introduced into the air channel. In particular, the method includes: determining whether a power generation operation of the fuel cell stack is resumed; when the power generation operation of the fuel cell stack is resumed, controlling a voltage source to apply a voltage to the gas adsorption unit; and supplying air to the fuel cell stack through the air channel in a state in which the voltage is applied to the gas adsorption unit.

Methods and apparatus for reducing the tendency for mold formation and accumulation in membrane-based humidifiers used in PEM fuel cell systems can include reducing the oxygen concentration and/or generating hydrogen peroxide within the humidifier upon shutdown of a fuel cell system. In some embodiments, a fuel cell system comprises valves and lines located and operable to facilitate introduction of hydrogen into the humidifier upon shutdown of the system. In some embodiments, a fuel cell humidifier comprises a catalyst for promoting the generation of hydrogen peroxide from hydrogen and oxygen, and/or comprises acidic gas transport layers.

A fuel cell arrangement which comprises a fuel cell having a first inlet for a fuel and a second inlet for an oxidizing agent, and comprises a vortex tube having an inlet, a first outlet for heated gas and a second outlet for cooled gas. Here, the first outlet of the vortex tube is fluidically connected to the first inlet or the second inlet of the fuel cell. A fuel cell system may have such a fuel cell arrangement, and a vehicle may have such a fuel cell arrangement or fuel cell system.

An operation control system and method of a fuel cell vehicle are provided. The system includes a fuel cell, an air supply device operated by a motor, to supply air to the fuel cell and a sensing unit that senses an abnormal operation of the air supply device. A calculation unit calculates a lower-limit voltage of the air supply device required for normal operation of the air supply device when the sensing unit senses abnormal operation of the air supply device. A controller then adjusts a voltage supplied to the air supply device based on the calculated lower-limit voltage.

A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack, a plurality of injectors capable of adjusting a flow rate of anode gas supplied to the fuel cell stack, and an ECU causing the plurality of injectors to operate. The plurality of injectors include a main injector, and a BP injector that operates when power that exceeds a prescribed power generation amount is generated. The ECU performs an operational check of causing the BP injector to operate at least once and judging whether the BP injector is normal or abnormal, during a period from when the fuel cell system is activated to when the fuel cell system stops.

A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack, a first discharger, an opening-and-closing valve, a second discharger, a voltage detector, and a controller.

A power-to-X system having an electrolyzer and an energy converter which are connected together via a hydrogen line. The system additionally has a chemical reactor for catalytically removing oxygen, a first heat exchanger, a water separator, a store, and a humidifier which are connected into the hydrogen line in the stated order one behind the other between the electrolyzer and the energy converter. A second heat exchanger is arranged in the hydrogen line such that a first side of the second heat exchanger is arranged in front of the first heat exchanger and a second side of the second heat exchanger is arranged downstream of the water separator in the hydrogen line.

A thermal energy storage system is provided, comprising an outer shell defining an outer shell volume, an energy transfer module, comprising an input port for providing energy to the energy storage system, an output port for retrieving energy from energy storage system, wherein the outer shell is provided with a fluid distribution network.

The present disclosure generally relates to systems and methods comprising more than one venturi or ejector with a fuel cell or fuel cell stack.