A cerium-zirconium oxide-based ionic conductor (CZOIC) material including zirconium oxide in an amount ranging from 5 wt. % up to 95 wt. %, cerium oxide in an amount ranging from 95 wt. % to 5 wt. %, and at least one oxide or a rare earth metal in an amount ranging from 30 wt. % or less, based on the overall mass of the CZOIC material. The CZOIC material exhibits a structure comprising one or more expanded unit cells and a plurality of crystallites having ordered nano-domains. The structure of the CZOIC material exhibits a crystal lattice defined by a d-value measured at multiple (hkl) locations using a SAED technique that exhibit distortions, such that the d-values for the same (hkl) location varies from about 2% to about 5% from the d-value measured for a reference cerium-zirconium material at the same (hkl) location.

An air supply system, comprising at least two air blowers and at least two communication valves; wherein one air blower is connected to a main air passage through the corresponding communication valve; and at least one other is connected to a reformer air passage and a stack air passage through at least one other communication valve, respectively. At least two air blowers are provided to connect the at least two communication valves.

The present application discloses a car power supply system and a solid oxide fuel cell vehicle. The car power supply system specifically comprises a first battery, a vehicle control unit (VCU), a lithium battery management system, a solid oxide fuel cell control unit, a second battery, a first relay and a second relay. If a solid oxide fuel cell controlled by the solid oxide fuel cell control unit provided by the present application cannot stop working within a short time, the first relay restores the first battery to power the VCU and the lithium battery management system after a start switch stops power supply by the first battery, so that the solid oxide fuel cell control unit is powered by the second battery to make the cell work normally and realize power off, thereby preventing the problem that the solid oxide fuel cell cannot work due to rapid power failure of the vehicle.

A small diameter roll is provided on the upstream side of a heating and sucking roll, an electrode slurry is applied by using a slot nozzle on the small diameter roll or an OFF roll, and an electrode is formed by instantaneously evaporating a solvent by the heating and sucking roll.

There may be provided a fuel cell stack unit comprising: a first gas separating plate; a first sealing gasket; a metal support, an end cell, and an air inlet being formed in the outer peripheral side of the center portion; a second sealing gasket; and a second gas separating plate stacked on the lower side of the second sealing gasket, wherein air introduced from the air inlet of the first gas separating plate successively passes through the air inlets formed in the first sealing gasket, the metal support, and the second sealing gasket, respectively, and flows from one side of the end cell to the other side thereof along a stacking boundary between the lower side of the end cell and the upper side of the second gas separating plate; and the second sealing gasket is recessed inward from an edge of the second sealing gasket.

Herein disclosed is a method of making an electrochemical reactor comprising a) depositing a composition on a substrate to form a slice; b) drying the slice using a non-contact dryer; c) sintering the slice using electromagnetic radiation (EMR), wherein the electrochemical reactor comprises an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte between the anode and the cathode. In an embodiment, the electrochemical reactor comprises at least one unit, wherein the unit comprises the anode, the cathode, the electrolyte and an interconnect and wherein the unit has a thickness of no greater than 1 mm. In an embodiment, the anode is no greater than 50 microns in thickness, the cathode is no greater than 50 microns in thickness, and the electrolyte is no greater than 10 microns in thickness.

Materials for electrochemical cells are provided. BaZr.sub.0.4Ce.sub.0.4M.sub.0.2O.sub.3 compounds, where M represents one or more rare earth elements, are provided for use as electrolytes. PrBa.sub.0.5Sr.sub.0.5Co.sub.2−xFe.sub.xO.sub.5+δ is provided for use as a cathode. Also provided are electrochemical cells, such as protonic ceramic fuel cells, incorporating the compounds as electrolytes and cathodes.

An electrode structure for a positive electrode of a metal-air battery is provided. The electrode structure for a positive electrode of a metal-air battery is formed of a compound of copper, phosphorus, and sulfur and it can comprise a membrane in which a plurality of fibrillated fibers form a network.

Provided is a manufacturing method of a fuel-cell single cell including a membrane-electrode assembly, an anode gas diffusion layer, a cathode gas diffusion layer, and a frame-shaped resin frame to which a peripheral edge portion of the membrane-electrode assembly is fixed. The method includes an adhesive application step of applying an adhesive by screen printing to a predetermined area of the resin frame while fixing the resin frame by suction, and a stacking step and a UV irradiation step of bonding together the resin frame to which the adhesive has been applied and the membrane-electrode assembly by the adhesive.

A fuel reformer module (8005) for initiating catalytic partial oxidation (CPOX) to reform a hydrocarbon fuel oxidant mixture (2025, 3025) to output a syngas reformate (2027) to solid oxide fuel cell stack (2080, 5040). A solid non-porous ceramic catalyzing body (3030) includes a plurality of catalyst coated fuel passages (3085). A thermally conductive element (9005, 10005, 11005, 13005), with a coefficient of thermal conductivity of 50 W/m° K or greater is thermally conductively coupled with the catalyzing body. A first thermal sensor (8030) is thermally conductively coupled with the thermally conductive element. A second thermal sensor is thermally conductively coupled with a surface of the fuel cell stack. A control method independently modulates an oxidant input flow rate, based on first thermal sensor signal values, a hydrocarbon fuel input flow rate, based on second thermal sensor signal values.