The zero carbon emission vehicle as disclosed herein may include a condenser for extracting fluid water from the atmosphere, an electrolyzer for generating hydrogen from the fluid water, and one or more deformable fluid-retaining chambers that couple thereto for selectively adjusting the buoyancy and altitude of the zero carbon emission vehicle in real-time, to maintain the air vehicle in flight substantially without needing to land and refuel the air vehicle. Solar panels provide the energy for the described systems, and the energy from the solar panels can be stored in the form of hydrogen gas which gives buoyancy to the air vehicle.

A rechargeable power system comprising: a drill string configured to operate in a well bore, the drill string comprising: a fuel cell system; a generator in electrical communication with the fuel cell system; a turbine, configured to rotate due to an impingement of drilling mud on one or more turbine blades, the turbine in operable communication with the generator; and where the fuel cell system is configured to provide power at least when drilling mud is not circulating in the well bore, and further configured to be recharged by the generator when drilling mud is circulating in the well bore. A method for operating a rechargeable downhole fuel cell. The method comprises: monitoring a fluid supply pressure; determining whether the fluid supply pressure is below a threshold value; and stopping a fuel cell discharge if the fluid supply pressure is below the threshold value.

An electrochemical cell system and a method for operating an electrochemical cell is provided. The method including determining one of a power level, current level or a voltage level of the electrochemical cell, the electrochemical cell including at least one cell having an anode side and a cathode side, the electrochemical cell further having a water transport plate operably coupled to the cathode side. An oxidant pressure level is determined in the cathode side. A water pressure level is determined in the water transport plate. The active area of the at least one cell is changed by adjusting at least one of the oxidant pressure level or the water pressure level based at least in part on the determined power level, current level or voltage level.

A back-up rechargeable battery supply system comprises communication linkages and a configuration of switches to allow battery back-up power to be provided by cells within a battery unit that are in a ready mode and to by-pass batteries that are in a non-ready mode, or maintenance mode. The unique configuration of switches and communication methods enables the back-up power to be provided very quickly to avoid disruptions in power to a load. Each battery cell has a charge and discharge switch and a power switch. Both the power switch and one of the charge or discharge switches must be closed to allow the battery cell to charge or discharge respectively. The by-pass switch may be controlled by the battery system control or by the cell controller and when closed, the cell may be bypassed from discharging or charging. The battery cells may be electrochemical cells such as metal air batteries.

A heat management method in a high-temperature steam electrolysis [SOEC] (FIG. 1), to solid oxide fuel cells [SOFCs] (FIG. 2) and/or to a reversible high-temperature fuel cell having the SOEC and SOFC modes of operation [rSOC] (FIG. 1/2). The steam required (1) is supplied from at least one external source and at least one offgas stream (4, 12, 12a) is cooled at least once (3, 11, 18, 35) downstream of the cell [SOEC, SOFC, rSOC] (5, 5a). The internal generation of steam required (1, 38) is effected by internal recuperative heating of externally supplied water (47, 48, 51). The energy from the at least one cooling operation (3, 11, 18, 35) of the at least one offgas stream to be cooled (4, 4a, 12, 12a, 17, 20, 34, 36) is used for this purpose, and at the same time the external steam supply (1, 38) is reduced or shut down. Also a high-temperature steam electrolysis [SOEC] arrangement, solid oxide fuel cell [SOFC] arrangement and/or reversible high-temperature fuel cell arrangement with the SOEC and SOFC modes of operation [rSOC], each having an electrolysis/fuel cell (5, 5a), two gas supply conduits (8, 15), two gas outlet conduits (4, 12/12a), wherein at least one water evaporation arrangement (18, 35, 53), a steam generator and/or heat exchanger for steam generation is arranged in at least one gas outlet conduit (4, 12, 12a) in order to generate steam (1, 38) from water (47, 48, 51).

An electrochemical compression system utilizes an electrolyzer to electrolyze an electrochemically active working fluid, at a first pressure, into decomposition products that are reformed back into said electrochemically active working fluid by a fuel cell, at a higher pressure. Water may be electrolyzed into hydrogen and oxygen and stored in reservoir tanks at an elevated pressure and subsequently provided to a fuel cell for reforming. The hydrogen is provided to the anode side of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell and the oxygen is provided to the cathode side. Water is reformed on the cathode side of the fuel cell at a higher pressure than the inlet to the electrolyzer. This pressure differential enable flow of the electrochemically active working fluid through a conduit from the cathode to the electrolyzer. This flow of fluid may be used in a heat transfer system.

The present invention relates to energy storage systems and reactors useful in such systems. Inventive reactors comprise a reaction vessel defining an inner volume and a compensation element, whereby said inner volume is filled with a fixed bed that is free of cavities and that comprises particles of formula (I), FeOx (I), where 0?x?1.5; said compensation element is adapted to adjust said inner volume. The reactors are inherently explosion proof and thus suited for domestic use. The systems are useful for compensating long-term fluctuations observed in production of renewable energy.

An electrolyzer system includes a stack of solid oxide electrolyzer cells configured receive steam and output a hydrogen exhaust and an oxygen exhaust, a supplemental steam generator configured to generate the steam provided to the stack by vaporizing water using heat extracted from the oxygen exhaust, a water preheater configured to preheat water using heat extracted from the oxygen exhaust, and a primary steam generator configured to generate the steam provided to the stack by vaporizing the water preheated by the water preheater.

The present invention provides a pole mounted solar energy capturing device for electrical power generation and collection. In the present invention a system has been developed for installation of Solar panels/collector in cultivating lands without affecting the land production of crops/plants. The solar collectors of the present invention are installed in columns in any direction but solar panels always facing toward sun in mid-day for any location on Earth (South or North) managing columns to columns gap equal to total width of panels at single arm on pole. Further the electricity received from the solar panels is provided for water electrolysis and mass production of Hydrogen. The hydrogen produced is stored in chemical form for reuse as and when required at very economical rate and also distributed of hydrogen energy without physical transportation of hydrogen fuel to all energy sectors (moving or stationary) as per the demand.

A system and method for complementarily coupling and orderly converting multi-energy. The system includes: a reversible solid oxide cell, a gasification reaction chamber, synthesis reactor, and photo-thermal coupled catalytic reactor. Gasification of biomass/coal provides synthesis gas of a first source; feedstock gas is electrolyzed to produce synthesis gas of a second source; the synthesis gas of a first source and the synthesis gas of a second source react in the synthesis reactor to produce hydrocarbon fuel; during power generation, the synthesis gas enters a fuel electrode to react, and gas flowing out of the fuel electrode passes through the photo-thermal coupling catalytic reactor to react to produce hydrocarbon fuel; a heat source and light source required for gasification, electrolysis, power generation and photo-thermal coupled catalysis are provided by solar energy, and electrical energy for electrolysis is provided by power of unstable renewable energy from abandoned wind and light.