Provided is a lithium secondary battery including: a positive electrode plate which is a lithium complex oxide sintered plate; a negative electrode layer; a separator; an electrolytic solution; and a pair of exterior films having outer peripheral edges sealed with each other to form an internal space that accommodates the battery elements, wherein the portions of the negative electrode layer and the separator corresponding to the outer extension of the battery is deviated toward the positive electrode plate side from the portions of the negative electrode layer and the separator corresponding to the body of the battery.

Systems, methods, and apparatus for encapsulating objects like that of microelectronic components and batteries. The system includes three successive layers that include a first covering layer composed of an electrically insulating material deposited by atomic layer deposition, which at least partly covers the object, a second covering layer that includes parylene and/or polyimide, and which is disposed on the first covering layer, and a third covering layer deposited on the second covering layer in such a way as to protect the second encapsulation layer, namely, with respect to oxygen, and thereby increase the service life of the object.

Systems, methods, and apparatus for encapsulating objects like that of microelectronic components and batteries. The system includes three successive layers that include a first covering layer composed of an electrically insulating material deposited by atomic layer deposition, which at least partly covers the object, a second covering layer that includes parylene and/or polyimide, and which is disposed on the first covering layer, and a third covering layer deposited on the second covering layer in such a way as to protect the second encapsulation layer, namely, with respect to oxygen, and thereby increase the service life of the object.

An electrode assembly is accommodated in a laminated casing. A pressure-applied portion is formed by sandwiching at least a portion of a peripheral edge of the laminated casing between a first horn and a second horn. A sealed portion is formed by applying ultrasonic vibration from each of the first horn and the second horn to the pressure-applied portion. The first horn has a first vibration direction. The second horn has a second vibration direction. The first vibration direction is parallel to a thickness direction of the laminated casing. The second vibration direction is non-parallel to the first vibration direction.

An electrode assembly is accommodated in a laminated casing. A pressure-applied portion is formed by sandwiching at least a portion of a peripheral edge of the laminated casing between a first horn and a second horn. A sealed portion is formed by applying ultrasonic vibration from each of the first horn and the second horn to the pressure-applied portion. The first horn has a first vibration direction. The second horn has a second vibration direction. The first vibration direction is parallel to a thickness direction of the laminated casing. The second vibration direction is non-parallel to the first vibration direction.

An object is to provide a battery cell which can prevent current collectors from being damaged and cut. A battery cell is provided which includes a power generation element; a terminal; and an exterior, and in which the exterior includes, on both sides in a stacking direction, holes into which the terminal is inserted, both end portions of the terminal in the stacking direction are extended outside the exterior, a first distance holder is arranged between current collectors and around abutment parts of the current collectors that abut on the terminal, at each end portion in the stacking direction, a second distance holder is arranged between the current collector and the exterior and around an abutment part of the current collector that abuts on the terminal and at least one of the second distance holders is smaller in thickness than the first distance holder in the stacking direction.

An object is to provide a battery cell which can prevent current collectors from being damaged and cut. A battery cell is provided which includes a power generation element; a terminal; and an exterior, and in which the exterior includes, on both sides in a stacking direction, holes into which the terminal is inserted, both end portions of the terminal in the stacking direction are extended outside the exterior, a first distance holder is arranged between current collectors and around abutment parts of the current collectors that abut on the terminal, at each end portion in the stacking direction, a second distance holder is arranged between the current collector and the exterior and around an abutment part of the current collector that abuts on the terminal and at least one of the second distance holders is smaller in thickness than the first distance holder in the stacking direction.

The present invention provides a fiber-reinforced aerogel material which can be used as insulation in thermal battery applications. The fiber-reinforced aerogel material is highly durable, flexible, and has a thermal performance that exceeds the insulation materials currently used in thermal battery applications. The fiber-reinforced aerogel insulation material can be as thin as 1 mm less, and can have a thickness variation as low as 2% or less. Also provided is a method for improving the performance of a thermal battery by incorporating a reinforced aerogel material into the thermal battery. Further provided is a casting method for producing thin fiber-reinforced aerogel materials.

The present invention provides a fiber-reinforced aerogel material which can be used as insulation in thermal battery applications. The fiber-reinforced aerogel material is highly durable, flexible, and has a thermal performance that exceeds the insulation materials currently used in thermal battery applications. The fiber-reinforced aerogel insulation material can be as thin as 1 mm less, and can have a thickness variation as low as 2% or less. Also provided is a method for improving the performance of a thermal battery by incorporating a reinforced aerogel material into the thermal battery. Further provided is a casting method for producing thin fiber-reinforced aerogel materials.

A flexible long-lasting clean energy power generation device with spontaneous moisture absorption is a multi-layer film structure including a hydrophilic support substrate, a conductive layer and a moisture absorbent layer. The conductive layer is coated on an outer side of the hydrophilic support substrate and has a first section and a second section, and the moisture absorbent layer is coated on the first section of the conductive layer, so that the flexible long-lasting clean energy power generation device is formed into an asymmetrical structure. The moisture absorbent layer captures moisture from the ambient environmental humidity, and the moisture forms a capillary pressure difference by a capillary action and an evaporation, so that water molecules and ions move from the wet area of the moisture absorbent layer to the dry area of the second section to form an electric potential difference.