There are provided a battery management apparatus, a battery management method and a battery pack. The battery management apparatus sets at least one of a plurality of external variables as a valid external variable for each internal variable using a plurality of observational data sets associated with the external variables that can be observed outside a battery cell and a plurality of desired data sets associated with the internal variables that are unobservable outside the battery cell. The observational data set associated with respective valid external variable is used for the machine learning of sub-multilayer perceptron necessary to estimate respective internal variable.

There are provided a battery management apparatus, a battery management method and a battery pack. The battery management apparatus sets at least one of a plurality of external variables as a valid external variable for each internal variable using a plurality of observational data sets associated with the external variables that can be observed outside a battery cell and a plurality of desired data sets associated with the internal variables that are unobservable outside the battery cell. The observational data set associated with respective valid external variable is used for the machine learning of sub-multilayer perceptron necessary to estimate respective internal variable.

A cylindrical battery includes a plurality of electrode assemblies, and a plurality of top cap assemblies located on an upper part of the plurality of electrode assemblies. The plurality of top cap assemblies are electrically separated from each other by an insulator.

A cylindrical battery includes a plurality of electrode assemblies, and a plurality of top cap assemblies located on an upper part of the plurality of electrode assemblies. The plurality of top cap assemblies are electrically separated from each other by an insulator.

An interconnect is disclosed that opens a battery circuit when an access cover is removed. The interconnect includes a single installed position, and does not include any throw positions to avoid ambiguity. The interconnect includes a conductive element that closes the battery circuit when the interconnect is installed. The access cover cannot be removed when the interconnect is installed, because the interconnect includes at least one mechanical feature that prevents removal of the access cover. In some instances, the interconnect is integrated into the access cover, such that when the cover is removed, the circuit is opened necessarily during removal. The interconnect interface may include blades, pins, or other electrically conducting elements. The interconnect is arranged in the battery system away from power electronics and other components that may interface to an electrical load, thus providing an added measure of safety when the access cover is off.

This disclosure presents an electrode lead plate (6) for a cylindrical secondary cell (1) comprising a terminal part (4) and an electrode roll (3) comprising a conductive sheet (3a). The electrode lead plate (6) comprises an inner contact region (6c) configured to be arranged in direct electrical contact with the terminal part (4) and an outer contact region (6e) configured to be arranged in direct electrical contact with the conductive sheet (3a), wherein the inner contact region (6c) is recessed in relation to the outer contact region (6e). Further, a terminal part (4) and a cylindrical secondary cell (1), as well as uses and methods of manufacture, are presented.

A battery pack in one aspect of the present disclosure includes a communication terminal and a detector, and supplies electric power to an external device. The communication terminal receives a first signal, a second signal, and a third signal. The first signal has a first potential, the second signal has a second potential, and the third signal has a third potential. The first potential, the second potential, and the third potential are different from one another. The detector determines a potential at the communication terminal, to thereby detect the first signal, the second signal, or the third signal in accordance with the determined potential.

An electronic device according to various embodiments may include: a battery, a switch coupling the battery to a main board on which components of the electronic device are disposed, a power management module comprising power management circuitry including a function of powering on the electronic device at a power-on time set to power on the electronic device that is in a power-off state of the electronic device, and a processor. The processor may be configured to: upon identification of a power-off request for the electronic device, set the power-on time and power off the electronic device, based on the electronic device being powered on upon identification of the power-on time, compare a power-off period of the electronic device with a threshold period, and based on the power-off period of the electronic device being longer than a threshold period, decouple the battery from the main board by opening the switch.

An electronic device according to various embodiments may include: a battery, a switch coupling the battery to a main board on which components of the electronic device are disposed, a power management module comprising power management circuitry including a function of powering on the electronic device at a power-on time set to power on the electronic device that is in a power-off state of the electronic device, and a processor. The processor may be configured to: upon identification of a power-off request for the electronic device, set the power-on time and power off the electronic device, based on the electronic device being powered on upon identification of the power-on time, compare a power-off period of the electronic device with a threshold period, and based on the power-off period of the electronic device being longer than a threshold period, decouple the battery from the main board by opening the switch.

Applications for use with a rechargeable power unit. In one embodiment, the rechargeable power unit is configured to be releasably connected to one or more interchangeable attachments having an electric functionality. In one embodiment, an electric device is configured having a compartment and connection portion configured to receive and use the rechargeable power unit as a power source. In some embodiments, the rechargeable power unit can be obtained or exchanged at a battery exchange machine.