Provided are an electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery including the same wherein the electrolyte includes a non-aqueous organic solvent; a lithium salt; and an additive represented by Chemical Formula 1.

A secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution including an unsaturated cyclic compound.

A polymer solid electrolyte having high ion conductivity, heat resistance and dimensional stability, and having excellent oxidation stability and voltage stability, and a lithium secondary battery including the same.

Provided is provided a lithium metal battery which includes a composite solid electrolyte membrane interposed between a lithium metal negative electrode and a positive electrode, wherein the composite solid electrolyte membrane includes: a phase transformation layer containing a plasticizer and a lithium salt; a porous polymer sheet layer; and a solid polymer electrolyte layer, the phase transformation layer, the porous polymer sheet layer and the solid polymer electrolyte layer stacked successively, and the phase transformation layer is disposed in such a manner that it faces the lithium metal negative electrode. The lithium metal battery shows reduced resistance at the interface with an electrode and increased ion conductivity, has improved safety, and provides improved energy density of an electrode.

A lithium ion secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution containing a polycyclic aromatic compound.

Provided is a carbon dioxide electrolysis-carbon deposition/carbon fuel cell-integrated apparatus which enable interconversion between electric energy and chemical energy (electrodeposited carbon) through the use of an integrated electrochemical reaction system with a molten salt.

A non-aqueous electrolyte for a lithium ion secondary battery capable of improving rate characteristics, and the lithium ion secondary battery using the same. The non-aqueous electrolyte for the lithium ion secondary battery includes a carboxylic acid ester and 2.010.sup.6 to 3.010.sup.3 mol/L of halide ion other than fluoride ion.

A thermal battery can include: an anode of lithium alloy; a metal-fluoride cathode having Ni; and an electrolyte composition in contact with the anode and cathode. The electrolyte composition can be a tertiary electrolyte composition of LiFLiClLi.sub.2SO.sub.4. A thermal battery can also include: an anode of lithium alloy; a metal-fluoride cathode having an oxide selected from V.sub.2O.sub.5 or LiVO.sub.3; and an electrolyte composition in contact with the anode and cathode. In one aspect, a metal of the metal fluoride cathode includes Ni, Fe, V, Cr, Mn, Co, or mixture thereof. In one aspect, the metal-fluoride cathode includes NiF.sub.2, FeF.sub.3, VF.sub.3, CrF.sub.3, MnF.sub.3, CoF.sub.3, or a mixture thereof. A method of providing electricity can include: providing an electronic device having a thermal battery with a metal-fluoride cathode having Ni and/or having an oxide selected from V.sub.2O.sub.5 or LiVO.sub.3; and discharging the thermal battery to provide electricity.

A secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution containing a sulfonamide compound.

A high-performance electrochemically active sodium molten salt catholyte enables a dramatic reduction in molten sodium battery operating temperature from near 300? C. to less than 120? C. As an example, stable electrochemical cycling was demonstrated in a high voltage (3.65 V) sodium battery comprising a sodium iodide-gallium chloride (NaIGaCl.sub.3) molten salt catholyte for over 8 months at 110? C. The combination of high voltage, stable cycling behavior, and practical current densities supported by a molten catholyte enables a new generation of transformative high performance, low temperature molten sodium batteries.