A covered positive electrode active material includes a particulate positive electrode active material and a solid electrolyte that covers a surface of the positive electrode active material. The solid electrolyte forms a covering layer. The covering layer is formed such that recessed portions of the surface of the positive electrode active material are filled with the solid electrolyte. Protruding portions of the surface of the positive electrode active material are exposed on a surface of the covered positive electrode active material. A degree of unevenness of a group of particles of the positive electrode active material is defined as ζ.sub.1, a degree of unevenness of a group of particles of the covered positive electrode active material is defined as ζ.sub.2, and a degree of change in unevenness R defined by formula (2) below is greater than or equal to 1.1.

R=ζ.sub.2/ζ.sub.1   (2)

The solid electrolyte material of the present disclosure includes Li, Ca, Y, Sm, X, and O, where Xis at least one selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I; and the molar ratio of O to the sum of Y and Sm in a surface area of the solid electrolyte material is higher than the molar ratio of O to the sum of Y and Sm in the entire solid electrolyte material.

A rechargeable battery includes at least an electrolyte layer, a cathode layer and an anode layer. The electrolyte layer includes a lithium salt compound arranged between a cathode surface of the cathode layer and an anode surface of the anode layer. The anode layer is a nanostructured silicon containing thin film layer including a plurality of columns, wherein the columns are directed in a first direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the anode surface of the silicon thin film layer. The columns are arranged adjacent to each other while separated by grain-like column boundaries running along the first direction. The columns include silicon and have an amorphous structure in which nano-crystalline regions exist.

When a layered rock-salt type cathode active material and a sulfide solid electrolyte are mixed to be a cathode mixture, and an all solid-state battery is obtained using this mixture, oxygen is released from the cathode active material when the battery is charged, and the sulfide solid electrolyte is oxidized, increasing the battery internal resistance. To increase the concentration of cobalt inside the active material, and at the same time to lower the concentration of cobalt of the surface of the cathode active material, to suppress oxygen release in charging, specifically, a cathode mixture includes: a cathode active material; and a sulfide solid electrolyte, wherein the cathode active material has a layered rock-salt crystal phase, and is made of a composite oxide containing Li, Ni, Co, and Mn, and the concentration of cobalt inside the cathode active material is higher than that of a surface of the cathode active material.

The present disclosure describes various types of batteries, including lithium-ion batteries having an anode assembly comprising: an anode comprising a first porous ceramic matrix having pores; and a ceramic separator layer affixed directly or indirectly to the anode; a cathode; an anode-side current collector contacting the anode; and anode active material comprising lithium located within the pores or cathode active material located within the cathode; wherein, the ceramic separator layer is located between the anode and the cathode, no electrically conductive coating on the pores contacts the separator layer, and in a fully charged state, lithium active material in the anode does not contact the separator layer. Also disclosed are methods of making and methods of using such batteries.

The present disclosure relates to a polymer electrolyte membrane for medium and high temperature, a preparation method thereof and a high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell including the same, more particularly to a technology of preparing a composite membrane including an inorganic phosphate nanofiber incorporated into a phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole (PBI) polymer membrane by adding an inorganic precursor capable of forming a nanofiber in a phosphoric acid solution when preparing phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole and using the same as a high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane which is thermally stable even at high temperatures of 200-300° C. without degradation of phosphoric acid and has high ion conductivity.

Disclosed are a solid electrolyte material including a naturally abundant element as a base, having lithium ion conductivity equal or superior to those of conventional sulfide solid electrolyte materials, being relatively inexpensive, and having a crystal structure, a manufacturing method thereof, and a battery using the same. The solid electrolyte material may include a naturally abundant element as a base, have lithium ion conductivity equal or superior to those of conventional sulfide solid electrolyte materials, be relatively inexpensive, and have a crystal structure. The sulfide solid electrolyte material includes a sulfide compound represented by a formula of Li.sub.2−4x−ySi.sub.1+x−yP.sub.yS.sub.3, and x and y satisfy conditions −0.040≤x≤0.095 and 0.036≤y≤0.192.

The present disclosure describes a lithium solid state battery, including a cathode that includes an active material such as lithium, and an additive having a lower melting point than the active material. The additive can provide a composite cathode where a cathode-electrolyte interphase has high electronic and ionic conductivity, good mechanical deformability, and high oxidation potential.

A cathode for an all-solid-state battery includes a conductive material wherein the conductive material includes a carbon-based material and a metal fluoride disposed on the surface of the carbon-based material, and a method of manufacturing the same. The cathode for an all-solid-state battery includes a cathode active material, a solid electrolyte, and a conductive material, wherein the conductive material includes a carbon-based material and a metal fluoride disposed on a surface of the carbon-based material.

A solid electrolyte is composed of a compound represented by the general formula Li.sub.xM.sub.2(PO.sub.4).sub.z where M represents at least one element having a valence of one to four, x represents a number that satisfies 1.003≤x≤1.900, and z represents a number that satisfies 3.001≤z≤3.200.