A holographic antenna comprises an optically transparent substrate; a hologram arranged on a first surface of the substrate, the hologram comprising two or more hologram stripes, each having a plurality of linearly arranged hologram pixels, each comprising a switching component; a ground plane arranged on a second surface, opposite the first surface, of the substrate; one or more surface wave launchers arranged on or in a surface of the substrate, the one or more surface wave launchers being configured to feed a feeding signal in a frequency range above 50 GHz into the hologram; and control lines connected to the switching components of the hologram pixels for controlling the hologram pixels individually or in groups.

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, identifying a coherence time for a user equipment (UE), identifying a coherence bandwidth for the UE, determining a coherence block based on the coherence time and the coherence bandwidth, and, based on a first determination that the coherence block satisfies a threshold, permitting the UE to transmit sounding reference signal (SRS) data over a smaller SRS bandwidth that is smaller than a default SRS bandwidth, at a lower periodicity that is lower than a default periodicity, or a combination thereof, thereby conserving power resources of the UE. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Example embodiments relate to 3D phased array-antenna systems and devices. A system may include a 3D structure with its center located at an origin of a reference coordinate system that includes an X-axis, a Y-axis, and a Z-axis extending from the origin of the reference coordinate system. The system may also include antenna arrays that have antenna elements configured to operate via electronic steering. The antenna arrays can be coupled to the 3D structure such that electronically steering antenna elements of the antenna arrays enables the antenna elements to transmit and receive electromagnetic signals simultaneously in numerous directions relative to the X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis of the reference coordinate system. The system may be used in various applications, including data transmission and reception, radar, and broadband signaling.

An ultra-wideband (UWB) beam forming system is disclosed. In one or more embodiments, the UWB beam forming system includes a plurality of radiating elements forming a circular, cylindrical, conical, spherical, or multi-faceted array and a beamformer coupled to the radiating elements. The beamformer includes one or more transformable reconfigurable integrated units (TRIUNs) configured to independently control individual radiating elements or groups of radiating elements of the plurality of radiating elements.

A differential time delay shifter may comprise a 1-to-N switch, where N is an integer greater than 1. The switch may have a pole contact, N throw contacts, and a pole arm to selectively couple the pole contact to one of the throw contacts. One throw contacts may be a first throw contact at a first switch position, and one throw contacts may be a last throw contact at a last switch position. The shifter may further comprise one or more transmission lines, each of which is electrically connected between two of the N throw contacts. The shifter may further comprise a source configured to generate an electromagnetic signal. The source may be electrically coupled to the pole contact, to convey the signal to the pole contact. The shifter may further comprise one or more loads, a first of which is electrically coupled to the first throw contact.

There are provided methods and systems configured to perform calibration of antenna array systems, for example during production, avoiding the use of external setups or external measurements. The method comprising: (i) measuring the delay of a dedicated calibration transmission line for each SUT, for example during production, using internal built-in system capabilities; (ii) comparing the measured delay to a known delay of an identical transmission line of a reference system; (iii) computing, based on this comparison, compensation values with respect to the reference system of delay (or phase), for all transmission lines of the SUT; (iv) calibrating the SUT using the computed compensation values for all transmission lines of the SUT.

An apparatus includes a plurality of transceiver circuits, each comprising one or more phase shifter circuits. The phase shifter circuits may be configured to make a phase change by switching at least one of a capacitance value and an inductance value in response to a control signal. A characteristic impedance and the phase of each phase shifter circuit are correlated such that after the phase change, a value of the characteristic impedance is maintained at a predefined value.

An antenna apparatus includes a first radiation area, a phase adjustment area and a second radiation area. The first radiation area is disposed opposite to the second radiation area. The first radiation area is connected to one end of the phase adjustment area. The other end of the phase adjustment area is connected to the second radiation area. The first radiation area includes a feeding point of the antenna apparatus. The second radiation area includes a ground point of the antenna apparatus. The phase adjustment area is used to adjust a phase of a signal fed by the feeding point, to change a direction of a space electromagnetic field formed by an electromagnetic signal radiated by each of the first radiation area and the second radiation area.

A plurality of reception modules (1a,1b) receive signals from a plurality of antennas (2a,2b) respectively. A synthesizer (3) synthesizes output signals of the plurality of reception modules (1a,1b). Each of the plurality of reception modules (1a, 1b) includes a first sample-and-hold circuit (7a,7b) sampling and holding a received signal, a second sample-and-hold circuit (8a,8b) sampling and holding an output signal of the first sample-and-hold circuit (7a,7b), and a controller (9a,9b) controlling a timing at which the first sample-and-hold circuit (7a,7b) samples and holds the signal. Operation timings of the first sample-and-hold circuits (7a,7b) are set for the respective reception modules (1a,1b). Operation timings of the second sample-and-hold circuits (8a,8b) of the plurality of reception modules (1a,1b) are same.

A non-volatile adjustable phase shifter is coupled to a transceiver in a wireless communication device. The non-volatile adjustable phase shifter includes a non-volatile radio frequency (RF) switch. In one implementation, the non-volatile RF switch is a phase-change material (PCM) RF switch. In one approach, the non-volatile adjustable phase shifter includes a selectable transmission delay arm and a selectable transmission reference arm. A phase shift caused by the non-volatile adjustable phase shifter is adjusted when the non-volatile RF switch engages with or disengages from the selectable transmission delay arm. In another approach, the non-volatile adjustable phase shifter includes a selectable impedance element. A phase shift caused by the non-volatile adjustable phase shifter is adjusted when the non-volatile RF switch engages with or disengages from the selectable impedance element. In either approach, the phase shift changes a phase of RF signals being transmitted from or received by the transceiver.