Data receiving and logging are disclosed. A method includes receiving a linearly polarized signal, the linearly polarized signal including a set of direct and reflected components and obtaining power measurements of the linearly polarized signal. The power measurements are inserted into a navigation message and provided as precision power values characterizing the linearly polarized signal at a high precision. The power values for the linearly polarized signal are stored for further analysis.

An antenna comprising: first and second dielectric layers; a conductive slot layer disposed between the first and second dielectric layers, wherein the slot layer has a slot therein with short and long axes of symmetry; a pair of arcs, rotated 180° from each other, made of conductive material, and disposed on top of the first dielectric layer, wherein proximal ends of the arcs are vertically-aligned with the short axis of symmetry and equidistant from the long axis of symmetry and electrically connected to the slot layer through vias in the first dielectric layer; and a forked feed made of conductive material disposed on the bottom of the second dielectric layer, wherein the forked feed has a centerline that is vertically-aligned with the short axis of symmetry.

An antenna device includes an antenna element and a dummy antenna element. The antenna element is configured to construct a patch antennae. The dummy antenna is coupled to a ground layer by a conductive through portion which pass through a substrate in a thickness direction. A position of the conductive through portion with respect to the dummy antenna element is a first position on a straight line that divides an angle between a first straight line and a second straight line, or a second position in the neighborhood of the first position. The first straight pass through a first feed point and a center of dummy antenna element. The second straight passing through a second feed point and the center. The first feed point and the second feed point being feed points when the dummy antenna element generates circularly polarized waves.

The present invention provides a circularly polarised, CP, antenna device for multiband GNSS. It comprises a spiral antenna and a high impedance surface, HIS, comprising a conductive layer comprising a first region and a separate second region, and a ground plane. The first region of the conductive layer is provided with at least one resonant element of a first resonant frequency and the second region of the conductive layer is provided with at least one resonant element of a second resonant frequency.

An access system for a vehicle is provided. The access system includes antennas and an access module. The antennas are configured to each receive a signal transmitted from a portable access device to the vehicle. The signal is transmitted on a 2.4 gigahertz frequency. The access module is configured to: downconvert the received signal to generate an in-phase signal and a quadrature phase signal; perform carrier phase based ranging including implementing a music algorithm to (i) determine a distance between the portable access device and the vehicle, and (ii) determine angles of arrival of the received signal as received at the antennas; determine a location of the portable access device relative to the vehicle based on the distance and the angles of arrival; and permit access to the vehicle based on the location.

A device comprising: a substrate; a semiconductor die mounted on the substrate; a transmit antenna fabricated on the substrate and configured to transmit radio-frequency (RF) signals at least at a first center frequency; a receive antenna fabricated on the substrate and configured to receive RF signals at least at a second center frequency different than the first center frequency; and circuitry integrated with the semiconductor die and configured to provide RF signals to the transmit antenna and to receive RF signals from the receive antenna.

An antenna structure capable of transmitting radio waves in multiple polarizations is positioned on a circuit board. The circuit board includes upper and lower surfaces and peripheral side wall. The antenna structure includes a first antenna array, a second antenna array, and a control circuit. Each antenna unit of the first antenna array is positioned on one of the upper surface or the lower surface, a portion of each antenna unit of the second array is positioned on the peripheral side wall. The other portion of each antenna unit bended and positioned on at least one of the upper surface or the lower surface. In activating the first antenna array and the second antenna array the control circuit can generate radio transmissions in multiple polarizations. A wireless communication device is also provided.

A radiation conductor is constructed of a metal plate having a pair of main surfaces pointing in opposite directions. Each main surface of the pair of main surfaces includes a first surface region that includes at least part of a peripheral edge portion of the main surface. At least one main surface of the pair of main surfaces includes a second surface region that is a region other than the first surface region. A dielectric member holds the radiation conductor in such a manner that the first surface region of each main surface of the pair of main surfaces is sandwiched between portions of the dielectric member in a thickness direction of the radiation conductor. A housing supports and accommodates the dielectric member. The second surface region of the at least one main surface is exposed.

An antenna array for full duplex communications is described. The antenna array includes an array antenna elements supported by a substrate. The substrate includes a feed network and a parallel plate waveguide layered with the feed network. The parallel plate waveguide has a core of varying dielectric constant, wherein the varying dielectric constant varies from a first probe connected to a first antenna element to a second probe connected to a second antenna element.

A transceiver for transmitting and receiving full duplex communications includes transmitter and receiver circuitry. The transmitter circuitry transmits from a first location first signals having a first orthogonal function +l.sub.n applied thereto on a first channel on a first frequency band to a second location. The receiver circuitry receives at the first location second signals on a second channel on the first frequency band from the second location having a second orthogonal function −l.sub.n applied thereto and the first signals having the first orthogonal function +l.sub.n applied thereto on the first channel on the first frequency band from the first location at a same time on the first frequency band. The receiver circuitry only processes received signals including the second orthogonal function −l.sub.n. The first signals on the first channel are transmitted on the first frequency band on the first frequency band at a same time the second signals on the second channel are received on the first frequency band on the first frequency band.